{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:29:40Z","timestamp":1793726980942,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ellison Medical Institute","award":["#GF1014961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#GF1014961"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00pfj7a95","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The effect of exercise on immune system activation and regulation has been well studied in athletes following long-duration exercise and elite events, and across various modalities; however, little work has been performed using shorter-duration, high-intensity protocols and in recreational athletes. This study examined the comparative effects of both treadmill running and stationary cycling, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on circulating inflammatory biomarkers. A total of 26 young, healthy participants completed both exercise modality protocols in a randomized order using a crossover design. Blood samples were collected at baseline, immediately after exercise, and 1 and 24\u2009h postexercise time points, then processed for cytokine concentrations. Interleukin (IL)-6 increased immediately following both exercise modalities (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). IL-8 increased following treadmill running (P\u2009=\u20090.02) and continued to increase during 1\u2009h and 24\u2009h recovery postexercise (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). IL-10 increased following 24\u2009h recovery in treadmill running (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) and stationary cycling (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). There were no significant changes in IL-1ra or tumor necrosis factor \u03b1. C-reactive protein trended to increase 24\u2009h after treadmill running with a large effect size (\u03b72\u2009=\u20090.22). Treadmill running and stationary cycling HIIT provide the necessary stimulus to alter circulating cytokine concentrations. IL-6 and IL-10 increased to the same extent following both exercise modalities. IL-8 was found to increase significantly following treadmill HIIT but not following cycling HIIT. These findings may inform the design of future studies investigating the influence of HIIT on measures of inflammation and health in healthy and clinical populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/immhor\/vlag022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T04:01:42Z","timestamp":1779940902000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The influence of exercise modality on the inflammatory response to high-intensity interval training"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9832-2555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliet","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Ellison Medical Institute Molecular Analytics, , Los Angeles, CA,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026110311363162200_vlag022-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht111","article-title":"Role of exercise in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: results, mechanisms, and new perspectives","volume":"34","author":"Schuler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart 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