{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T22:36:51Z","timestamp":1778884611214,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 CA189806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA189806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 CA239583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 CA239583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Plasmodium falciparum malaria coinfections. However, the role of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also endemic in Africa, has not been evaluated as a cofactor in eBL pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multiplexed seroprofiles for EBV, malaria, and KSHV were generated for 266 eBL patients, 78 non-eBL cancers, and 202 healthy children. KSHV and EBV loads were quantified by PCR.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>KSHV seroprevalence did not differ by study group but was associated with age. Seropositivity, defined by K8.1\/LANA or in combination with 5 other KSHV antigens (ORF59, ORF65, ORF61, ORF38, and K5) was associated with antimalarial antibody levels to AMA1 (odds ratio [OR],\u20052.41, P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001; OR,\u20052.07, P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001) and MSP1 (OR,\u20052.41, P\u2005=\u2005.0006; OR,\u20055.78, P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001), respectively. KSHV loads did not correlate with antibody levels nor differ across groups but were significantly lower in children with detectable EBV viremia (P\u2005=\u2005.014).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although KSHV-EBV dual infection does not increase eBL risk, EBV appears to suppress reactivation of KSHV while malaria exposure is associated with KSHV infection and\/or reactivation. Both EBV and malaria should, therefore, be considered as potential effect modifiers for KSHV-associated cancers in sub-Saharan Africa.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T20:11:29Z","timestamp":1582056689000},"page":"111-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection and Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"222","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7451-4993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter O","family":"Oluoch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute\/Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cliff I","family":"Oduor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute\/Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine S","family":"Forconi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Ong\u2019echa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute\/Center for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6419-1940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"M\u00fcnz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk P","family":"Dittmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A","family":"Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann 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