{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T21:54:29Z","timestamp":1778709269838,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5P30MH058107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P30MH058107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32MH080634"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32MH080634"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Globally, decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is rising. We aimed to compile a global collection of N. gonorrhoeae strains and assess the genetic characteristics associated with decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a literature review of all published reports of N. gonorrhoeae strains with decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone (&amp;gt;0.064 mg\/L minimum inhibitory concentration) through October 2019. Genetic mutations in N. gonorrhoeae genes (penA, penB, mtrR, and ponA), including determination of penA mosaicism, were compiled and evaluated for predicting decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were 3821 N. gonorrhoeae strains identified from 23 countries and 684 (18%) had decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone. High sensitivities or specificities (&amp;gt;95%) were found for specific genetic mutations in penA, penB, mtrR, and ponA, both with and without determination of penA mosaicism. Four algorithms to predict ceftriaxone susceptibility were proposed based on penA mosaicism determination and penA or non-penA genetic mutations, with sensitivity and specificity combinations up to 95% and 62%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Molecular algorithms based on genetic mutations were proposed to predict decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone in N. gonorrhoeae. Those algorithms can serve as a foundation for the development of future assays predicting ceftriaxone decreased susceptibility within N. gonorrhoeae globally.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T19:11:23Z","timestamp":1596222683000},"page":"1232-1240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Establishing Novel Molecular Algorithms to Predict Decreased Susceptibility to Ceftriaxone in <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i> Strains"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"223","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2800-9501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric Y","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2776-6458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul C","family":"Adamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7095-1560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6922-7364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey D","family":"Klausner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021040816384782600_CIT0001","volume-title":"Report on global sexually transmitted infection surveillance, 2018","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"2021040816384782600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3538","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00325-11","article-title":"Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae initiating a future era of untreatable gonorrhea?: detailed characterization of the first strain with high-level resistance to ceftriaxone","volume":"55","author":"Ohnishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2021040816384782600_CIT0003","volume-title":"WHO guidelines for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","author":"World Health 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