{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T02:53:18Z","timestamp":1789699998172,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1089413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1089413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012640","name":"ExxonMobil Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012640","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since the World Health Organization recommended single low-dose (0.25 mg\/kg) primaquine (PQ) in combination with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in areas of low transmission or artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, several single-site studies have been conducted to assess efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An individual patient meta-analysis to assess gametocytocidal and transmission-blocking efficacy of PQ in combination with different ACTs was conducted. Random effects logistic regression was used to quantify PQ effect on (1) gametocyte carriage in the first 2 weeks post treatment; and (2) the probability of infecting at least 1 mosquito or of a mosquito becoming infected.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2574 participants from 14 studies, PQ reduced PCR-determined gametocyte carriage on days 7 and 14, most apparently in patients presenting with gametocytemia on day 0 (odds ratio [OR],\u20050.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], .17\u2013.28 and OR,\u20050.12; 95% CI, .08\u2013.16, respectively). Rate of decline in gametocyte carriage was faster when PQ was combined with artemether-lumefantrine (AL) compared to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) (P\u2005=\u2005.010 for day 7). Addition of 0.25 mg\/kg PQ was associated with near complete prevention of transmission to mosquitoes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Transmission blocking is achieved with 0.25 mg\/kg PQ. Gametocyte persistence and infectivity are lower when PQ is combined with AL compared to DP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T19:15:58Z","timestamp":1596741358000},"page":"1215-1226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Efficacy of Single-Dose Primaquine With Artemisinin Combination Therapy on Plasmodium <i>falciparum<\/i> Gametocytes and Transmission: An Individual Patient Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"225","author":[{"given":"Kasia","family":"Stepniewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina S","family":"Humphreys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bronner P","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roly","family":"Gosling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Global Health Group, Malaria Elimination Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe J","family":"Guerin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Data 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Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"D\u2019Alessandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Will J R","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Bjorkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron 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