{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T02:05:56Z","timestamp":1773021956431,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Duke University\u2019s Clinical Translational Science Institute"},{"name":"Duke Medicine and Engineering"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>During April and May 2020, we studied 20 patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), their hospital rooms (fomites and aerosols), and their close contacts for molecular and culture evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Among &amp;gt;400 samples, we found molecular evidence of virus in most sample types, especially the nasopharyngeal (NP), saliva, and fecal samples, but the prevalence of molecular positivity among fomites and aerosols was low. The agreement between NP swab and saliva positivity was high (89.5%; \u03ba = 0.79). Two NP swabs collected from patients on days 1 and 7 post\u2013symptom onset had evidence of infectious virus (2 passages over 14 days in Vero E6 cells). In summary, the low molecular prevalence and lack of viable SARS-CoV-2 virus in fomites and air samples implied low nosocomial risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through inanimate objects or aerosols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T19:13:15Z","timestamp":1599246795000},"page":"1798-1806","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Environmental and Aerosolized Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"Raquel A","family":"Binder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie A","family":"Alarja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily R","family":"Robie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kara E","family":"Kochek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leshan","family":"Xiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Rocha-Melogno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anfal","family":"Abdelgadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumana V","family":"Goli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda S","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen K","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke\u2013National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abigail L","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassandra C","family":"Lautredou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John A","family":"Lednicky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark J","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher R","family":"Polage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan A","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc A","family":"Deshusses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4628-5908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory C","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Program in Emerging Infectious 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