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However, the contribution of SEB to S. aureus pathogenesis has never been directly demonstrated with genetically defined mutants in clinically relevant strains. Many isolates of the predominant Asian community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus lineage sequence type (ST) 59 harbor seb, implying a significant role of SEB in the observed hypervirulence of this lineage. We created an isogenic seb mutant in a representative ST59 isolate and assessed its virulence potential in mouse infection models. We detected a significant contribution of seb to systemic ST59 infection that was associated with a cytokine storm. Our results directly demonstrate that seb contributes to S. aureus pathogenesis, suggesting the value of including SEB as a target in multipronged antistaphylococcal drug development strategies. Furthermore, they indicate that seb contributes to fatal exacerbation of community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T19:12:39Z","timestamp":1600110759000},"page":"1766-1775","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Contribution of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B to<i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>Systemic Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"223","author":[{"given":"Justin S","family":"Bae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 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