{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:22:02Z","timestamp":1787962922686,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002152","name":"International Trachoma Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["733373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["733373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002152","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To eliminate trachoma as a public health problem, the World Health Organization recommends the SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, and environmental improvement) strategy. As part of the SAFE strategy in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia, the Trachoma Control Program distributed &amp;gt;124 million doses of antibiotics between 2007 and 2015. Despite this, trachoma remained hyperendemic in many districts and a considerable level of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection was evident.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilized residual material from Abbott m2000 Ct diagnostic tests to sequence 99 ocular Ct samples from Amhara and investigated the role of Ct genomic variation in continued transmission of Ct.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sequences were typical of ocular Ct at the whole-genome level and in tissue tropism\u2013associated genes. There was no evidence of macrolide resistance in this population. Polymorphism around the ompA gene was associated with village-level trachomatous inflammation\u2013follicular prevalence. Greater ompA diversity at the district level was associated with increased Ct infection prevalence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found no evidence for Ct genomic variation contributing to continued transmission of Ct after treatment, adding to evidence that azithromycin does not drive acquisition of macrolide resistance in Ct. Increased Ct infection in areas with more ompA variants requires longitudinal investigation to understand what impact this may have on treatment success and host immunity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T07:33:43Z","timestamp":1601451223000},"page":"994-1004","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Genomics of Ocular\n                    <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>\n                    After 5 Years of SAFE Interventions for Trachoma in Amhara, Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"225","author":[{"given":"Harry","family":"Pickering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambahun","family":"Chernet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, 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Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahteme","family":"Haile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amhara Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taye","family":"Zeru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amhara Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zerihun","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin L","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E Kelly","family":"Callahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"2022031508253167100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.5_suppl_1.0690033","article-title":"Trachoma: looking forward to Global Elimination of Trachoma by 2020 (GET 2020)","volume":"69","author":"Mariotti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med 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