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We performed autosomal, and X chromosome sex-stratified and combined association analyses in each ancestry group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A male-specific region near the adenosine diphosphate\u2013ribosylation factor\u2013like 5B (ARL5B) gene was identified. Individuals with the C allele of rs76398191 were about 30% more likely to have chronic HCV infection than individuals with the T allele (OR, 0.69; P = 1.98\u2005\u00d7\u200510\u221207), and this was not seen in females. The ARL5B gene encodes an interferon-stimulated gene that inhibits immune response to double-stranded RNA viruses. We also identified suggestive associations near septin 6 and ribosomal protein L39 genes on the X chromosome. In box sexes, allele G of rs12852885 was associated with a 40% increase in HCV clearance compared with the A allele (OR,\u20051.4; P =\u20052.46\u2005\u00d7\u200510\u221206). Septin 6 facilitates HCV replication via interaction with the HCV NS5b protein, and ribosomal protein L39 acts as an HCV core interactor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These novel gene associations support differential mechanisms of HCV clearance between the sexes and provide biological targets for treatment or vaccine development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T16:11:49Z","timestamp":1603901509000},"page":"2090-2098","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Multiancestry Sex-Stratified Genome-Wide Association Study of Spontaneous Clearance of Hepatitis C 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