{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:12:06Z","timestamp":1790140326641,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["568971"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["568971"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001102","name":"Cancer Council New South Wales","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13-11"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Incidence of anal cancer is highest in gay and bisexual men (GBM). Better understanding of the natural history of anal high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection is needed for anal cancer prevention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Study of the Prevention of Anal Cancer was a 3-year study of Australian GBM, aged 35 years or older. We examined incidence, clearance, and risk factors for 13 hrHPV types at baseline and 3 annual visits.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 525 men with \u2265 2 visits, 348 (66.3%) acquired \u2265 1 incident hrHPV infection. HPV16 incidence rates were similar, but non-16 hrHPV incidence was higher in HIV-positive (51.8\/100 person years [PY]) than HIV-negative men (36.5\/100 PY, P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). Annual clearance rates of HPV16 (13.21\/100 PY, 95% confidence interval, 10.53\u201316.56) were lower than for other hrHPV types. hrHPV clearance rates were not associated with HIV overall but were significantly lower in those with a lower nadir CD4 (&amp;lt;200 cells\/\u00b5L) for HPV16 (P\u2005=\u2005.015) and other hrHPV types (P\u2005=\u2005.007).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Higher incidence of non-16 hrHPV types, coupled with lower clearance of non-16 hrHPV types in those with past impaired immune function, is consistent with the greater role of non-16 hrHPV in anal cancer in HIV-positive people.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ANZCTR365383.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T21:40:11Z","timestamp":1605822011000},"page":"246-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["HIV, Immune Dysfunction, and the Natural History of Anal High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Gay and Bisexual Men"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"224","author":[{"given":"I Mary","family":"Poynten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengyi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne M","family":"Garland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Infectious Disease 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