{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:53:17Z","timestamp":1791384797883,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Independent Research Fund","award":["6110-00173B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6110-00173B"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Risk factors for, and long-term outcomes following, detection of varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study of all Danish residents who had VZV DNA detected in the CSF by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) between 1 January 1997 and 1 March 2016 (VZV cohort; n\u2005=\u2005517) and an age- and sex- matched comparison cohort from the general Danish population (n\u2005=\u20059823). We examined potential risk factors and mortality, neurologic morbidity, psychiatric morbidity, redemptiom of prescriptions for nervous system medicine prescribed for the nervous system, and social outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prior hospital admission, redemption of immunosuppressive medicine, comorbidity, and immunosuppressive conditions were associated with detection of VZV DNA in the CSF. Mortality was increased in the VZV cohort, especially during the first year of observation and among patients with encephalitis. Patients in the VZV cohort had an increased risk of dementia and epilepsy. The redemption of antiepileptics and antidepressants was increased in the VZV cohort.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immunosuppression and comorbidity are associated with increased risk of detection of VZV DNA in the CSF and the condition is associated with increased mortality and neurological morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T04:41:28Z","timestamp":1610080888000},"page":"850-859","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Characteristics and Long-term Prognosis of Danish Patients With Varicella Zoster Virus Detected in Cerebrospinal Fluid Compared With the Background Population"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"224","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5338-8948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars H","family":"Omland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne T","family":"Vestergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virus and Specialist Microbiological Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram B","family":"Dessau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7398-814X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Bodilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanna S","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Research Unit, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus B","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Medical Service, Region Sk\u00e5ne, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svend","family":"Ellermann-Eriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lene","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian \u00d8","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Mette","family":"Lebech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Obel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021090109214806800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15016","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.16","article-title":"Varicella zoster virus infection","volume":"1","author":"Gershon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis 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