{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:04:11Z","timestamp":1788303851661,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616716800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Henry Schueler Foundation"},{"name":"Save Our Sick Kids Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is increasingly recognized as a life-threatening superinfection of severe respiratory viral infections, such as influenza. The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to emerging SARS-CoV-2 rose concern about the eventuality of IPA complicating COVID-19 in intensive care unit patients. A variable incidence of such complication has been reported, which can be partly attributed to differences in diagnostic strategy and IPA definitions, and possibly local environmental\/epidemiological factors. In this article, we discuss the similarities and differences between influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Compared to IAPA, the majority of CAPA cases have been classified as putative rather than proven\/probable IPA. Distinct physiopathology of influenza and COVID-19 may explain these discrepancies. Whether CAPA represents a distinct entity is still debatable and many questions remain unanswered, such as its actual incidence, the predisposing role of corticosteroids or immunomodulatory drugs, and the indications for antifungal therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T20:11:24Z","timestamp":1616530284000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Navigating the Uncertainties of COVID-19\u2013Associated Aspergillosis: A Comparison With Influenza-Associated Aspergillosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Frederic","family":"Lamoth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service and Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital of Lausanne and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell E","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, S\u2019Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios P","family":"Kontoyiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas M. 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