{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:12:47Z","timestamp":1790759567832,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundac\u0327a\u0303o de Amparo a\u0300 Pesquisa do Estado de Sa\u0303o Paulo","award":["2016\/18740-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/18740-9"]}]},{"name":"Fundac\u0327a\u0303o de Amparo a\u0300 Pesquisa do Estado de Sa\u0303o Paulo","award":["2014\/10919-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/10919-4"]}]},{"name":"Fundac\u0327a\u0303o de Amparo a\u0300 Pesquisa do Estado de Sa\u0303o Paulo","award":["2009\/51466-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009\/51466-4"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cienti\u0301fico e Tecnolo\u0301gico","award":["301011\/2019-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["301011\/2019-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["207486\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["207486\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI110818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI110818"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The population history of Plasmodium simium, which causes malaria in sylvatic Neotropical monkeys and humans along the Atlantic Coast of Brazil, remains disputed. Genetically diverse P vivax populations from various sources, including the lineages that founded the species P simium, are thought to have arrived in the Americas in separate migratory waves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We use population genomic approaches to investigate the origin and evolution of P simium.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We find a minimal genome-level differentiation between P simium and present-day New World P vivax isolates, consistent with their common geographic origin and subsequent divergence on this continent. The meagre genetic diversity in P simium samples from humans and monkeys implies a recent transfer from humans to non-human primates \u2013 a unique example of malaria as a reverse zoonosis of public health significance. Likely genomic signatures of P simium adaptation to new hosts include the deletion of &amp;gt;40% of a key erythrocyte invasion ligand, PvRBP2a, which may have favored more efficient simian host cell infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>New World P vivax lineages that switched from humans to platyrrhine monkeys founded the P simium population that infects nonhuman primates and feeds sustained human malaria transmission in the outskirts of major cities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T19:56:43Z","timestamp":1618430203000},"page":"1950-1961","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["<i>Plasmodium simium<\/i>\n                    : Population Genomics Reveals the Origin of a Reverse Zoonosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"224","author":[{"given":"Tha\u00eds C","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila T","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M","family":"Early","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. 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Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria R C","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Superintendency for the Control of Endemics (SUCEN), State Secretary of Health, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of S\u00e3o Paulo, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julyana C","family":"Buery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina G","family":"Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L","family":"Cat\u00e3o-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Wildlife Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Crispim","family":"Cerutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00edsa D P","family":"Rona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis, Brazil"},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Entomology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E","family":"Neafsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. 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