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This review examines the contribution of N. gonorrhoeae versus other potential causes of pelvic inflammatory disease by considering new insights gained through molecular, immunological, and microbiome-based analyses, and the current epidemiological burden of infection, with an aim to highlighting key areas for future study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T19:14:30Z","timestamp":1619205270000},"page":"S56-S63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Gonococcal Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Placing Mechanistic Insights Into the Context of Clinical and Epidemiological Observations"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"224","author":[{"given":"Stacey X","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, 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