{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:31:59Z","timestamp":1793399519398,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,19]],"date-time":"2021-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5P01HD-59454-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P01HD-59454-07"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 AI135072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 AI135072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000861","name":"Burroughs Wellcome Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CAMS 1017213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAMS 1017213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000861","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Placental malaria has been associated with increased cord blood maternal microchimerism (MMc), which in turn may affect susceptibility to malaria in the offspring. We sought to determine the impact of maternal peripheral Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia during pregnancy on MMc and to determine whether maternal cells expand during primary parasitemia in the offspring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a nested cohort study of maternal-infant pairs from a prior pregnancy malaria chemoprevention study. Maternal microchimerism was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction targeting a maternal-specific marker in genomic DNA from cord blood, first P falciparum parasitemia, and preparasitemia. Logistic and negative binomial regression were used to assess the impact of maternal peripheral parasitemia, symptomatic malaria, and placental malaria on cord blood MMc. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess predictors of MMc during infancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early maternal parasitemia was associated with increased detection of cord blood MMc (adjusted odds ratio\u2005=\u20053.91, P\u2005=\u2005.03), whereas late parasitemia, symptomatic malaria, and placental malaria were not. The first parasitemia episode in the infant was not associated with increased MMc relative to preparasitemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal parasitemia early in pregnancy may increase the amount of MMc acquired by the fetus. Future work should investigate the impact of this MMc on immune responses in the offspring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T23:14:35Z","timestamp":1621293275000},"page":"2105-2112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Peripheral\n                    <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i>\n                    Infection in Early Pregnancy Is Associated With Increased Maternal Microchimerism in the Offspring"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"224","author":[{"given":"Neta","family":"Simon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children\u2019s Research Institute , Seattle, Washington ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 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,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Prahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary K","family":"Muhindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abel","family":"Kakuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Olwoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret 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