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CD163; sCD14, sCD163), and systemic inflammation (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1; IL-6, TNFR1) were measured at 674 person-visits spanning \u22642 years.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Menopause (post- vs premenopausal status) was associated with higher plasma sCD14 and sCD163 in linear mixed-effects regression adjusting for age and other covariates (\u03b2\u2005=\u2005161.89 ng\/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18.37\u2013305.41 and 65.48 ng\/mL, 95% CI, 6.64\u2013124.33, respectively); but not with plasma IFAB, IL-6, or TNFR1. In piece-wise linear mixed-effects regression of biomarkers on years before\/after the final menstrual period, sCD14 increased during the menopausal transition by 250.71 ng\/mL per year (95% CI, 16.63\u2013484.79; P\u2005=\u2005.04), but not in premenopausal or postmenopausal periods.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In women with HIV, menopause may increase innate immune activation, but data did not support an influence on the gut barrier or inflammation. Clinical implications of immune activation during menopausal transition warrant further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T19:12:14Z","timestamp":1624561934000},"page":"295-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Menopause Is Associated With Immune Activation in Women With HIV"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"225","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1534-2578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandilyn A","family":"Peters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaonan","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 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