{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T13:30:05Z","timestamp":1784640605524,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately impacted lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) communities. Many disparities mirror those of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\/AIDS epidemic. These health inequities have repeated throughout history due to the structural oppression of LGBTQ+ people. We aim to demonstrate that the familiar patterns of LGBTQ+ health disparities reflect a perpetuating, deeply rooted cycle of injustice imposed on LGBTQ+ people. Here, we contextualize COVID-19 inequities through the history of the HIV\/AIDS crisis, describe manifestations of LGBTQ+ structural oppression exacerbated by the pandemic, and provide recommendations for medical professionals and institutions seeking to reduce health inequities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T11:06:56Z","timestamp":1627470416000},"page":"1810-1820","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) Communities and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Call to Break the Cycle of Structural Barriers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"224","author":[{"given":"Raul Macias","family":"Gil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Napa\/Solano, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey 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