{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T05:38:47Z","timestamp":1787290727253,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81871668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871668"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82170610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81802011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81802011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82100637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82100637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program","award":["2017BT01S131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017BT01S131"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Whether serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA associates with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients has not been fully elucidated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We enrolled 2974 patients receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) from a prospective, observational CHB cohort to investigate the effect of serum HBV RNA, measured at study entry (baseline), on HCC development, using Cox regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During median follow-up of 4.4 years, 90 patients developed HCC. Patients with detectable baseline HBV RNA (n\u2005=\u20052072) exhibited significantly higher HCC risk than those with undetectable level (5-year HCC incidence estimated by Kaplan-Meier method: 4.1% versus 1.8%, P\u2005=\u2005.009; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]\u2005=\u20052.21, P\u2005=\u2005.005). HBV RNA levels of 609\u201399\u00a0999 and\u2005\u2265100\u00a0000 copies\/mL were associated with incrementally increasing HCC risk (aHR\u2005=\u20052.15 and 3.05, respectively; P for trend\u2005=\u2005.003), compared to undetectable level (&amp;lt;609 copies\/mL). Moreover, patients with single-detectable either HBV DNA or RNA and double-detectable DNA and RNA had 1.57- and 4.02-fold higher HCC risk, respectively, than those with double-undetectable DNA and RNA (P for trend\u2005=\u2005.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High-level HBV RNA is associated with increased HCC risk in NAs-treated patients. Achieving undetectable HBV RNA may contribute to better clinical outcomes, indicating it could be a valuable endpoint of anti-HBV treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T20:13:36Z","timestamp":1640031216000},"page":"881-890","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Association of Serum Hepatitis B Virus RNA With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Under Nucleos(t)ide Analogues Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"Shi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , 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