{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T20:46:00Z","timestamp":1760647560035,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator","award":["INV-016204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-016204"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AI155838","K01 AI141576","K24AI14996"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AI155838","K01 AI141576","K24AI14996"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Transmission rates after exposure to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)\u2013positive individual within households and healthcare settings varies significantly between studies. Variability in the extent of exposure and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence may contribute to differences in observed rates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a randomized controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis. Study procedures included standardized questionnaires at enrollment and daily self-collection of midturbinate swabs for SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing. County-level incidence was modeled using federally sourced data. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using modified Poisson regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eighty-six of 567 (15.2%) household\/social contacts and 12 of 122 (9.8%) healthcare worker contacts acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exposure to 2 suspected index cases (vs 1) significantly increased risk for both household\/social contacts (relative risk [RR], 1.86) and healthcare workers (RR, 8.18). Increased contact time also increased risk for healthcare workers (3\u201312 hours: RR, 7.82, &amp;gt;12 hours: RR, 11.81, vs \u22642 hours), but not for household\/social contacts. County incidence did not impact risk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In our study, increased exposure to SARS-CoV-2 within household or healthcare settings led to higher risk of infection, but elevated community incidence did not. This reinforces the importance of interventions to decrease transmission in close contact settings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T12:08:53Z","timestamp":1643630933000},"page":"225-235","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Acquisition Is Associated With Individual Exposure but Not Community-Level Transmission"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"226","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0373-4643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"DeAnna J","family":"Friedman-Klabanoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meagan 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