{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:50:12Z","timestamp":1787500212601,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health Medical Research Council","award":["1086952"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1086952"]}]},{"name":"National Health Medical Research Council","award":["1134095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1134095"]}]},{"name":"National Health Medical Research Council","award":["1111657"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1111657"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline) oral rotavirus vaccine is licensed as 2 doses in the first 6 months of life. In settings with high child mortality rates, clinical protection conferred by 2 doses of Rotarix is reduced. We assessed vaccine immune response when an additional dose of Rotarix was given to Australian Aboriginal children 6 to\u2005&amp;lt;12 months old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ORVAC is a 2-stage, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Australian Aboriginal children 6 to\u2005&amp;lt;12 months old who had received 1 or 2 prior doses of Rotarix rotavirus vaccine were randomized 1:1 to receive an additional dose of Rotarix or matched placebo. The primary immunological end point was seroresponse defined as an anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin A level\u2005\u226520 AU\/mL, 28\u201356 days after the additional dose of Rotarix or placebo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between March 2018 and August 2020, a total of 253 infants were enrolled. Of these, 178 infants (70%) had analyzable serological results after follow-up; 89 were randomized to receive Rotarix, and 89 to receive placebo. The proportion with seroresponse was 85% after Rotarix compared with 72% after placebo. There were no occurrences of intussusception or any serious adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An additional dose of Rotarix administered to Australian Aboriginal infants 6 to\u2005&amp;lt;12 months old increased the proportion with a vaccine seroresponse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT02941107.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T07:08:53Z","timestamp":1643612933000},"page":"1537-1544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Immunogenicity of a Third Scheduled Dose of Rotarix in Australian Indigenous Infants: A Phase IV, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"226","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3292-5900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca F","family":"Middleton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University , Darwin , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margie","family":"Danchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Royal Children\u2019s Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute , Perth , Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda J","family":"Leach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University , Darwin , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Cunliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl D","family":"Kirkwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Enteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation , Seattle , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Carapetis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute , Perth , Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University , Darwin , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea-Ann","family":"Kirkham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute , Perth , Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlyn","family":"Granland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute , Perth , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"McNeal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Centre , Cincinnati , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute , Perth , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire S","family":"Waddington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine , Cambridge , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas L","family":"Snelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute , Perth , Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Curtin University , Perth , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022110117482212200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1086\/605025","article-title":"Global mortality associated with rotavirus disease among children in 2004.","volume":"200","author":"Parashar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022110117482212200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa081","article-title":"Global impact of rotavirus vaccination on diarrhea hospitalizations and deaths among children &lt;5 years old: 2016-2019.","volume":"222","author":"Burnett","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect 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