{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:30:17Z","timestamp":1789522217792,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI166815"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI166815"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI121571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI121571"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK120515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK120515"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense","award":["HDTRA1-18-1-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HDTRA1-18-1-0014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The protozoan pathogen Giardia lamblia is an important worldwide cause of diarrheal disease and malabsorption. Infection is managed with antimicrobials, although drug resistance and treatment failures are a clinical challenge. Prior infection provides significant protection, yet a human vaccine has not been realized. Individual antigens can elicit partial protection in experimental models, but protection is weaker than after prior infection. Here, we developed a multivalent nanovaccine by coating membranes derived from the parasite onto uniform and stable polymeric nanoparticles loaded with a mucosal adjuvant. Intranasal immunization with the nanovaccine induced adaptive immunity and effectively protected mice from G. lamblia infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T20:11:37Z","timestamp":1646683897000},"page":"319-323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Codelivery of Antigens and Adjuvant in Polymeric Nanoparticles Coated With Native Parasite Membranes Induces Protective Mucosal Immunity Against <i>Giardia lamblia<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"Jiarong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sozaburo","family":"Ihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley V","family":"Kroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noelle","family":"Nieskens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivien N","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine M","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronnie H","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Eckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022082412283172000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.2174\/187152610793180821","article-title":"Giardiasis: the ever-present threat of a neglected disease.","volume":"10","author":"Escobedo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"2022082412283172000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2006.03.006","article-title":"An updated review on Cryptosporidium and Giardia.","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"2022082412283172000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07744-9","article-title":"Effects of stunting, diarrhoeal disease, and parasitic infection during infancy on cognition in late 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