{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T15:33:00Z","timestamp":1793374380187,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide from an infectious disease. This review aimed to investigate the association between prior cytomegalovirus infection and tuberculosis disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six bibliographic databases were searched from their respective inception to 31 December 2021. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 5476 identified articles, 15 satisfied the inclusion criteria with a total sample size of 38 618 patients. Pooled findings showed that individuals with cytomegalovirus infection had a higher risk of tuberculosis disease compared to those not infected with cytomegalovirus (odds ratio [OR], 3.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.18\u20134.70). Age was the only covariate that exerted a significant effect on the result of the association. Meta-analysis of risk estimates reported in individual studies showed a marked and significant correlation of cytomegalovirus infection with active tuberculosis (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.34\u20134.51; adjusted OR, 1.14; 95% CI, .71\u20131.57). A clear dose-response relation was inferred between the levels of cytomegalovirus antibodies and the risks of tuberculosis events (OR for high levels of cytomegalovirus antibodies, 4.07; OR for medium levels of cytomegalovirus antibodies, 3.58).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results suggest an elevated risk of tuberculosis disease among individuals with a prior cytomegalovirus infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T07:11:55Z","timestamp":1651561915000},"page":"471-482","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Association Between Cytomegalovirus Infection and Tuberculosis Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"227","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7910-4301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kok Pim","family":"Kua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Unit, Puchong Health Clinic, Petaling District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia , Puchong , Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bunchai","family":"Chongmelaxme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7361-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaun Wen Huey","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Monash University , Subang Jaya , Malaysia"},{"name":"Asian Centre for Evidence Synthesis in Population, Implementation, and Clinical Outcomes, Health and Well-being Cluster, Global Asia in the 21st Century Platform, Monash University , Subang Jaya , Malaysia"},{"name":"Gerontechnology Laboratory, Global Asia in the 21st Century Platform, Monash University , Subang Jaya , Malaysia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University , Subang Jaya , Malaysia"},{"name":"Center for Global Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023021415122596800_jiac179-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2120736","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.20736","article-title":"Congenital cytomegalovirus infection burden and epidemiologic risk factors in countries with universal screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Ssentongo","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw 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