{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T15:06:48Z","timestamp":1782140808074,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000233","name":"Genome BC","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000233","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Michael Smith Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005622","name":"Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005622","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011227","name":"BCCDC Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011227","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011094","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011094","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"COVID-19 Immunology Task Force"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes for Health Research,","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Coronavirus Variants Rapid Response Network"},{"name":"Canada Foundation"},{"name":"British Columbia Ministry of Health\u2013Providence Health Care Research Institute"},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health"},{"name":"SFU Undergraduate Research"},{"name":"Sub-Saharan African Network"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011858","name":"African Academy of Sciences\u2019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014163","name":"Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014163","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"New Partnership for Africa\u2019s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency,"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013986","name":"UK government","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013986","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longer-term humoral responses to 2-dose coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines remain incompletely characterized in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH), as do initial responses to a third dose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We measured antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein receptor-binding domain, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) displacement, and viral neutralization against wild-type and Omicron strains up to 6 months after 2-dose vaccination, and 1 month after the third dose, in 99 PLWH receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy and 152 controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although humoral responses naturally decline after 2-dose vaccination, we found no evidence of lower antibody concentrations or faster rates of antibody decline in PLWH compared with controls after accounting for sociodemographic, health, and vaccine-related factors. We also found no evidence of poorer viral neutralization in PLWH after 2 doses, nor evidence that a low nadir CD4+ T-cell count compromised responses. Post\u2013third-dose humoral responses substantially exceeded post\u2013second-dose levels, though Omicron-specific responses were consistently weaker than responses against wild-type virus. Nevertheless, post\u2013third-dose responses in PLWH were comparable to or higher than controls. An mRNA-1273 third dose was the strongest consistent correlate of higher post\u2013third-dose responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PLWH receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy mount strong antibody responses after 2- and 3-dose COVID-19 vaccination. Results underscore the immune benefits of third doses in light of Omicron.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T01:43:16Z","timestamp":1654566196000},"page":"838-849","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Receiving Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Show Typical Antibody Durability After Dual Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination and Strong Third Dose Responses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"227","author":[{"given":"Hope R","family":"Lapointe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Mwimanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter K","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yurou","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Yaseen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisele","family":"Umviligihozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser 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Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maggie C","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Agafitei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobhan","family":"Ennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Landon","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul\u2019s 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