{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T03:26:55Z","timestamp":1778038015317,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI127365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI127365"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI121054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI121054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR3) is recommended in mumps outbreak scenarios, but the immune response and the need for widespread use of MMR3 remain uncertain. Herein, we characterized measles-specific immune responses to MMR3 in a cohort of 232 healthy subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were sampled at day 0 and day 28 after MMR3. Measles-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies were quantified in sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a microneutralization assay, respectively. PBMCs were stimulated with inactivated measles virus, and the release of cytokines\/chemokines was assessed by a multiplex assay. Demographic variables of subjects were examined for potential correlations with immune outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the study participants, 95.69% and 100% were seropositive at day 0 and day 28, respectively. Antibody avidity significantly increased from 38.08% at day 0 to 42.8% at day 28 (P = .00026). Neutralizing antibodies were significantly enhanced, from 928.7 at day 0 to 1289.64\u2005mIU\/mL at day 28 (P = .0001). Meanwhile, cytokine\/chemokine responses remained largely unchanged. Body mass index was significantly correlated with the levels of inflammatory cytokines\/chemokines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measles-specific humoral immune responses, but not cellular responses, were enhanced after MMR3 receipt, extending current understanding of immune responses to MMR3 and supporting MMR3 administration to seronegative or high-risk individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T17:38:08Z","timestamp":1661189888000},"page":"141-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Influence of Sex, Body Mass Index, and Age on Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Against Measles After a Third Dose of Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"227","author":[{"given":"Huy Quang","family":"Quach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1273-5624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathon M","family":"Monroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Ratishvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel D","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diane E","family":"Grill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iana H","family":"Haralambieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inna G","family":"Ovsyannikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory A","family":"Poland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard B","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6945a6","article-title":"Progress toward regional measles elimination\u2014worldwide, 2000\u20132019","volume":"69","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2019.278","article-title":"Measles outbreak from Hong Kong International Airport to the hospital due to secondary vaccine failure in healthcare workers","volume":"40","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw480","article-title":"Measles outbreak among previously immunized healthcare workers, the Netherlands, 2014","volume":"214","author":"Hahn\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu105","article-title":"Outbreak of measles among persons with prior evidence of immunity, New York City, 2011","volume":"58","author":"Rosen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-021-04390-4","article-title":"Control of a nosocomial measles outbreak among previously vaccinated adults in a population with high vaccine coverage: Korea, 2019","volume":"41","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8010066","article-title":"Seroprevalence to measles virus after vaccination or natural infection in an adult population, in Italy","volume":"8","author":"Anichini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9030295","article-title":"Low seroprevalence of measles-specific IgG in children of three ethnic groups from Mexico: influence of age, sex, malnutrition and family size","volume":"9","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Alem\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9050501","article-title":"Risk of absence of measles antibody in healthcare personnel and efficacy of booster vaccination","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000000962","article-title":"CDC guidance for use of a third dose of MMR vaccine during mumps outbreaks","volume":"26","author":"Marlow","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Public Health Manag Pract"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1546","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1090","article-title":"Adverse events among young adults following a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine","volume":"73","author":"Marin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofaa505","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaa505","article-title":"Dynamics of the antibody response after a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine indicate a slower decline compared with a second dose","volume":"7","author":"Kaaijk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10010132","article-title":"Antibody levels at 3-years follow-up of a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine in young adults","volume":"10","author":"Kaaijk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv555","article-title":"Measles virus neutralizing antibody response, cell-mediated immunity, and immunoglobulin G antibody avidity before and after receipt of a third dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine in young adults","volume":"213","author":"Fiebelkorn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00084","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00084-18","article-title":"Factors that influence the immune response to vaccination","volume":"32","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2015.10.005","article-title":"Variability in humoral immunity to measles vaccine: new developments","volume":"21","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.12.134","article-title":"The genetic basis for interindividual immune response variation to measles vaccine: new understanding and new vaccine approaches","volume":"12","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.01.078","article-title":"Heritability of vaccine-induced measles neutralizing antibody titers","volume":"35","author":"Schaid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0191812","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191812","article-title":"Differential miRNA expression in B cells is associated with inter-individual differences in humoral immune response to measles vaccination","volume":"13","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.083","article-title":"Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes in cytokine and cytokine receptor genes and immunity to measles vaccination","volume":"29","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.043","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms in host antiviral genes: associations with humoral and cellular immunity to measles vaccine","volume":"29","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.08.060","article-title":"Genetically defined race, but not sex, is associated with higher humoral and cellular immune responses to measles vaccination","volume":"34","author":"Voigt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2011.0051","article-title":"Associations between demographic variables and multiple measles-specific innate and cell-mediated immune responses after measles vaccination","volume":"25","author":"Umlauf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Viral Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.06.101","article-title":"The weight of obesity on the human immune response to vaccination","volume":"33","author":"Painter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.11.004","article-title":"Rubella virus\u2013specific humoral immune responses and their interrelationships before and after a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine in women of childbearing age","volume":"38","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00406-12","article-title":"Measles virus IgG avidity assay for use in classification of measles vaccine failure in measles elimination settings","volume":"19","author":"Mercader","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1159\/000331585","article-title":"The association of CD46, SLAM and CD209 cellular receptor gene SNPs with variations in measles vaccine-induced immune responses: a replication study and examination of novel polymorphisms","volume":"72","author":"Ovsyannikova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Hered"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00008-08","article-title":"Development of a novel efficient fluorescence-based plaque reduction microneutralization assay for measles virus immunity","volume":"15","author":"Haralambieva","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/162.5.1036","article-title":"Measles antibody: reevaluation of protective titers","volume":"162","author":"Chen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01047","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01047-14","article-title":"Vaccine-induced measles virus-specific T cells do not prevent infection or disease but facilitate subsequent clearance of viral RNA","volume":"5","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.02.030","article-title":"Differential durability of immune responses to measles and mumps following MMR vaccination","volume":"37","author":"Kennedy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.04.054","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of humoral immunity with human vaccines","volume":"26","author":"Cook","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70049-9","article-title":"The Xs and Y of immune responses to viral vaccines","volume":"10","author":"Klein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.90","article-title":"Sex differences in immune responses","volume":"16","author":"Klein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9050494","article-title":"Gender differences in the level of antibodies to measles virus in adults","volume":"9","author":"Kostinov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3195","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.7.3195","article-title":"IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10; CXCL10)\u2013deficient mice reveal a role for IP-10 in effector T cell generation and trafficking","volume":"168","author":"Dufour","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa326","article-title":"Elevated CXCL10 serum levels in measles virus primary infection and reinfection correlate with the serological stage and hospitalization status","volume":"222","author":"Semmler","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00860","article-title":"Obesity and sex affect the immune responses to tick-borne encephalitis booster vaccination","volume":"11","author":"Garner-Spitzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23417","article-title":"Sex-associated differences between BMI and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following the BNT162b2 vaccine","volume":"30","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.09.089","article-title":"The immune response to a two-dose schedule of quadrivalent HPV vaccine in 9\u201313\u202fyear-old girls: is it influenced by age, menarche status or body mass index?","volume":"37","author":"Sauvageau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B41","first-page":"637","article-title":"The macrophage switch in obesity development","volume":"6","author":"Castoldi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(06)74018-3","article-title":"Release of interleukins and other inflammatory cytokines by human adipose tissue is enhanced in obesity and primarily due to the nonfat cells","volume":"74","author":"Fain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7678183","article-title":"Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance","volume":"259","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200319246","article-title":"Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue","volume":"112","author":"Weisberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1159\/000350775","article-title":"Role of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the predisposition of obese individuals to inflammation and infection","volume":"6","author":"Dicker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03186.x","article-title":"Alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte cytokine expression in obesity","volume":"146","author":"O\u2019Rourke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5281","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5866","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine expression pattern in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in childhood obesity","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806400","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.806400","article-title":"Obesity increases gene expression of markers associated with immunosenescence in obese middle-aged individuals","volume":"12","author":"Brunelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2009.00927.x","article-title":"The aging of the immune system","volume":"22","author":"Weiskopf","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"2023060109560130900_jiac351-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis719","article-title":"Measles humoral and cell-mediated immunity in children aged 5\u201310 years after primary measles immunization administered at 6 or 9 months of age","volume":"207","author":"Gans","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiac351\/45905723\/jiac351.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/227\/1\/141\/50499495\/jiac351.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/227\/1\/141\/50499495\/jiac351.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T07:59:04Z","timestamp":1727855944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/227\/1\/141\/6673362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiac351","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]}}}