{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T22:22:20Z","timestamp":1776378140418,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"CIBER\u2014Consorcio Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red"},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n and Uni\u00f3n Europea\u2014NextGenerationEU"},{"name":"Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation"},{"name":"YoMeCorono"},{"name":"BonPreu\/Esclat and Correos"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PID2020-117145RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-117145RB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PID2020-119710RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-119710RB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Health Institute Carlos III","award":["COV20\/00660"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COV20\/00660"]}]},{"name":"Catalan Government and the European Social Fund","award":["AGAUR-FI_B 00582"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGAUR-FI_B 00582"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed humoral and cellular immune responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) who had CD4+ T-cell counts &amp;lt;200\/\u00b5L (HIV&amp;lt;200 group).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This prospective cohort study included 58 PWH in the HIV&amp;lt;200 group, 36 with CD4+ T-cell counts &amp;gt;500\/\u00b5L (HIV&amp;gt;500 group), and 33 HIV-1\u2013negative controls (control group). Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S immunoglobulin [Ig] G) and the receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD IgG) were quantified before and 4\u2005weeks after the first and the second doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 (at week 8). Viral neutralization activity and T-cell responses were also determined.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At week 8, anti-S\/anti-RBD IgG responses increased in all groups (P &amp;lt; .001). Median (interquartile range) anti-S and anti-RBD IgG levels at week 8 were 153.6 (26.4\u2013654.9) and 171.9 (61.8\u2013425.8) binding antibody units (BAU)\/mL, respectively, in the HIV&amp;lt;200 group, compared with 245.6 (145\u2013824) and 555.8 (166.4\u20131751) BAU\/mL in the HIV&amp;gt;500 group and 274.7 (193.7\u2013680.4) and 281.6 (181\u2013831.8) BAU\/mL in controls (P &amp;lt; .05). Neutralizing capacity and specific T-cell immune responses were absent or reduced in 33% of those in the HIV&amp;lt;200 group, compared with 3.7% in the HIV&amp;gt;500 group (P &amp;lt; .01).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One-third of PWH with CD4+ T-cell counts &amp;lt;200\/\u00b5L show low anti-S\/anti-RBD IgG levels, reduced in vitro neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2, and no vaccine-induced T cells after receiving coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA vaccines.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T11:59:36Z","timestamp":1665057576000},"page":"1913-1923","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Limited Humoral and Specific T-Cell Responses After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in PWH With Poor Immune Reconstitution"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"Susana","family":"Benet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Lluita contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Blanch-Lombarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erola","family":"Ainsua-Enrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Pedre\u00f1o-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordana","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Basagoiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00e0lia","family":"Ra\u00efch-Regu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Perez-Zsolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa Rodr\u00edguez","family":"de la Concepci\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"\u00c1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samandhy","family":"Cede\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tuixent","family":"Escrib\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Romero-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yovaninna","family":"Alarc\u00f3n-Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Lluita contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Felipe","family":"Rodriguez-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , 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Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Brander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic\u2013Central University of Catalonia , Vic , Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonaventura","family":"Clotet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Lluita contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"},{"name":"IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol , Badalona , Spain"},{"name":"Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute , Badalona , Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, 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