{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T22:35:30Z","timestamp":1787697330014,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA111187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA111187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with development of invasive cervical cancer.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Longitudinal data was collected from 174 Senegalese women. We employed marginal Cox proportional hazards models to examine the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status (HIV positive vs HIV negative) and HIV type (HIV-1 vs HIV-2 vs dual HIV-1\/HIV-2) on clearance of type-specific HPV infection. Analyses were stratified by incident versus prevalent HPV infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Incident HPV infections in HIV-positive women were less likely to clear than those in HIV-negative women (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], .38\u2013.94). Among HIV-positive women, HIV-2\u2013infected women and HIV-1\/2 dually infected women were more likely to clear HPV incident infections than HIV-1\u2013infected women (HR = 1.66; 95% CI, .95\u20132.92 and HR = 2.17; 95% CI, 1.12\u20134.22, respectively). Incident HPV infections in HIV-positive women with CD4 cell count \u2264500 cells\/\u03bcL were less likely to clear than those in HIV-positive women with CD4 cell count &amp;gt;500 cells\/\u03bcL (HR = 0.65; 95% CI, .42\u20131.01). No significant associations were observed for prevalent HPV infections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>HIV infection reduced the likelihood of clearance of incident HPV infection. Furthermore, among HIV-positive women, low CD4 cell count and dual HIV infection were each associated with reduced likelihood of clearance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T11:48:18Z","timestamp":1667216898000},"page":"1088-1096","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Human Papillomavirus Clearance Among Women in Senegal, West Africa"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"227","author":[{"given":"Zhuochen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel L","family":"Winer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selly","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service des Maladies Infectieuses Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de Fann , Dakar, S\u00e9n\u00e9gal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Pierre","family":"Sy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service des Maladies Infectieuses Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de Fann , Dakar, S\u00e9n\u00e9gal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey S","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Papa","family":"Salif Sow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service des Maladies Infectieuses Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire (CHNU) de Fann , Dakar, S\u00e9n\u00e9gal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy B","family":"Kiviat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen E","family":"Hawes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023070503452780200_jiac428-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.6.506","article-title":"Epidemiologic evidence and human papillomavirus infection as a necessary cause of cervical cancer","volume":"91","author":"Franco","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer 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