{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:21:30Z","timestamp":1790079690342,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We sought to summarize human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine efficacy\/effectiveness (VE) against anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed literature review and meta-analysis to estimate VE, stratified by age and analytic population (per-protocol efficacy [PPE] or intention-to-treat [ITT] population in clinical trials, or all participants in real-world studies).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 6 clinical trials and 8 real-world studies. In participants vaccinated at age \u226426 years (mainly human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]\u2013negative individuals), significant VE against incident\/prevalent anal HPV infection was reported in clinical trials, with a higher estimate in PPE (2 studies with 2390 participants; VE, 84% [95% confidence interval (CI), 77%\u201390%]; I2 = 0%) than ITT (2 studies with 4885 participants; 55%, 39%\u201367%; I2 = 46%) populations or in real-world studies (4 studies with 2375 participants; 77%, 40%\u201391%; I2 = 81%). HPV vaccination at age \u226426 years was associated with significant VE in preventing persistent anal HPV infection and AIN. No significant VE against anal HPV infection or AIN was found in persons vaccinated at age &amp;gt;26 years (mainly people living with HIV).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is strong evidence for high VE against anal HPV infection and AIN in HIV-negative individuals vaccinated at age \u226426 years. However, the lower impact in ITT than in PPE populations and the lack of significant effect in people living with HIV aged &amp;gt;26 years indicates that vaccines have the higher impact in populations with less sexual exposure to anal HPV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T18:36:21Z","timestamp":1685558181000},"page":"1496-1504","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Impact of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Against Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection, Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia, and Recurrence of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"228","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5868-3225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feixue","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO) , Lyon , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catharina J","family":"Alberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO) , Lyon , France"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the \u00a0 Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centre , Amsterdam, the \u00a0 Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5258-2987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreia","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Department, Fernando Pessoa Teaching Hospital , S\u00e3o Cosme , Portugal"},{"name":"Precancerous Lesions and Early Cancer Management Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)\/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health 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