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Our mathematical model accounting for heavy-tailed sexual partnership distributions suggests that mpox epidemics can hit the infection-derived herd immunity threshold and begin to decline, with &amp;lt;1% of sexually active men who have sex with men infected regardless of interventions or behavioral changes. We consistently found that many countries and US states experienced an epidemic peak, with cumulative cases of around 0.1% to 0.5% among men who have sex with men. The observed decline in cases may not necessarily be attributable to interventions or behavioral changes primarily.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T17:31:50Z","timestamp":1688146310000},"page":"59-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Accumulation of Immunity in Heavy-Tailed Sexual Contact Networks Shapes Mpox Outbreak Sizes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"229","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7219-5981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Murayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare , Narita , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0701-7860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl A B","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease 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