{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T09:30:46Z","timestamp":1763458246568,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 AI153585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 AI153585"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) has increased in the United States concurrent with decrease in herpes simplex virus (HSV) prevalence. We hypothesized that lack of HSV-elicited cross-reactive immunity to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) results in an increased risk of HZ. Using specimens from the placebo arm of the Shingles Prevention Study, we investigated whether persons who develop HZ are less likely to have prior HSV infection than persons who do not develop HZ, and whether HZ is less severe in persons with HSV than in HSV seronegative persons.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a nested case-control (1:2) study comparing the seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in cases (persons with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed HZ) to age-, sex-, and health-matched controls (persons without HZ).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sera from 639 study participants (213 cases and 426 controls) yielded definitive HSV antibody results and were analyzed. Overall, HSV seropositivity rate was 75%. HSV seronegativity was significantly higher in HZ cases than controls (30.5% vs 22.3%; P = .024), with a 55% higher risk of HZ in HSV seronegative than HSV seropositive participants. HSV seropositivity was associated with more severe HZ (P = .021).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study demonstrated that prior infection with HSV partly protects against HZ.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]],"date-time":"2023-07-05T23:01:40Z","timestamp":1688598100000},"page":"64-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prior Herpes Simplex Virus Infection and the Risk of Herpes Zoster"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"229","author":[{"given":"Ruth","family":"Harbecke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego, California , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , San Diego, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael N","family":"Oxman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego, California , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego , San Diego, California , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego , San Diego, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stacy","family":"Selke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark E","family":"Ashbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego, California , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristine F","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M","family":"Koelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"},{"name":"Benaroya Research Institute , Seattle, Washington , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Wald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 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