{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T23:39:35Z","timestamp":1785368375152,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI141531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI141531"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 CA229673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA229673"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The 2 cofactors in the etiology of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and repeated Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections. This study evaluated EBV loads in mucosal and systemic compartments of children with malaria and controls. Age was analyzed as a covariate because immunity to malaria in endemic regions is age dependent.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children (2\u201310 years) with clinical malaria from Western Kenya and community controls without malaria were enrolled. Saliva and blood samples were collected, EBV viral load was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and EpiTYPER MassARRAY was used to assess methylation of 3 different EBV genes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Regardless of the compartment, we detected EBV more frequently in malaria cases compared to controls, although the difference was not significant. When EBV was detected, there were no differences in viral load between cases and controls. However, EBV methylation was significantly lower in the malaria group compared to controls in both plasma and saliva (P &amp;lt; .05), indicating increased EBV lytic replication. In younger children before development of immunity to malaria, there was a significant effect of malaria on EBV load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P = .04).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These data suggest that malaria can directly modulate EBV persistence in children, increasing their risk for BL.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T18:29:52Z","timestamp":1689100192000},"page":"73-82","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of Malaria Infection on Epstein-Barr Virus Persistence in Kenyan Children"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"229","author":[{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Samayoa-Reyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Weigel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmily","family":"Koech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute , Kisumu , Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Waomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute , Kisumu , Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conner","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus , 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