{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:09:23Z","timestamp":1792789763458,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_7","funder":[{"name":"Intramural Research Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Laulima Government Solutions"},{"name":"LLC"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Existing models of Ebola virus infection have not fully characterized the pathophysiology of shock in connection with daily virologic, clinical, and immunologic parameters. We implemented a nonhuman primate critical care model to investigate these associations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two rhesus macaques received a target dose of 1000 plaque-forming units of Ebola virus intramuscularly with supportive care initiated on day 3. High-dimensional spectral cytometry was used to phenotype neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells daily.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We observed progressive vasodilatory shock with preserved cardiac function following viremia onset on day 5. Multiorgan dysfunction began on day 6 coincident with the nadir of circulating neutrophils. Consumptive coagulopathy and anemia occurred on days 7 to 8 along with irreversible shock, followed by death. The monocyte repertoire began shifting on day 4 with a decline in classical and expansion of double-negative monocytes. A selective loss of CXCR3-positive B and T cells, expansion of naive B cells, and activation of natural killer cells followed viremia onset.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our model allows for high-fidelity characterization of the pathophysiology of acute Ebola virus infection with host innate and adaptive immune responses, which may advance host-targeted therapy design and evaluation for use after the onset of multiorgan failure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T20:25:56Z","timestamp":1693427156000},"page":"S635-S647","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical and Immunologic Correlates of Vasodilatory Shock Among Ebola Virus\u2013Infected Nonhuman Primates in a Critical Care Model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"228","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0259-4485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sydney R","family":"Stein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center"},{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P","family":"Platt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center"},{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather L","family":"Teague","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Critical Care Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"name":"Pathogenesis and Therapeutics Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Frederick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca J","family":"Reeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Frederick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility, National 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