{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T22:34:19Z","timestamp":1792881259382,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Fundac\u0327a\u0303o de Amparo a\u0300 Pesquisa do Estado de Sa\u0303o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019067","name":"David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019067","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007229","name":"Harvard University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007229","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19 AI089681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19 AI089681"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cienti\u0301fico e Tecnolo\u0301gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malarial infections are often missed by microscopy, and most parasite carriers are asymptomatic in low-endemicity settings. Whether parasite detectability and its ability to elicit symptoms change as transmission declines remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a prospective panel survey with repeated measurements on the same participants over 12 months to investigate whether Plasmodium vivax detectability by microscopy and risk of symptoms upon infection varied during a community-wide larviciding intervention in the Amazon basin of Brazil that markedly reduced vector density. We screened 1096 to 1400 residents in the intervention site for malaria by microscopy and quantitative TaqMan assays at baseline and twice during intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that more P vivax infections than expected from their parasite densities measured by TaqMan assays were missed by microscopy as transmission decreased. At lower transmission, study participants appeared to tolerate higher P vivax loads without developing symptoms. We hypothesize that changes in the ratio between circulating parasites and those that accumulate in the bone marrow and spleen, by avoiding peripheral blood microscopy detection, account for decreased parasite detectability and lower risk of symptoms under low transmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>P vivax infections are more likely to be subpatent and remain asymptomatic as malaria transmission decreases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T18:54:35Z","timestamp":1697482475000},"page":"947-958","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Changing Clinical Epidemiology of\n                    <i>Plasmodium vivax<\/i>\n                    Malaria as Transmission Decreases: Population-Based Prospective Panel Survey in the Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"229","author":[{"given":"Pablo S","family":"Fontoura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"name":"Secretary of Health Surveillance, Ministry of Health , Bras\u00edlia ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn G","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila R","family":"Calil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo M","family":"Corder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"name":"Divisions of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Berkeley School of Public Health, University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila T","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Tonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana D","family":"Esquivel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winni A","family":"Ladeia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anderson R J","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor C","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos F","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda O S","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Ladeia-Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia C","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5293-9090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo U","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Nova University of Lisbon ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.13.45","article-title":"The silent threat: asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria transmission","volume":"11","author":"Lindblade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3364","article-title":"Asymptomatic malaria infections: detectability, transmissibility and public health relevance","volume":"12","author":"Bousema","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30046-X","article-title":"The persistence and oscillations of submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections over time in Vietnam: an open cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e366","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00055-0","article-title":"Global patterns of submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis of population surveys","volume":"2","author":"Whittaker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.582","article-title":"Characteristics of Plasmodium falciparum parasites that survive the lengthy dry season in eastern Sudan where malaria transmission is markedly seasonal","volume":"59","author":"Babiker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1084-0","article-title":"Increased circulation time of Plasmodium falciparum underlies persistent asymptomatic infection in the dry season","volume":"26","author":"Andrade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3109","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003109","article-title":"Epidemiology of disappearing Plasmodium vivax malaria: a case study in rural Amazonia","volume":"8","author":"Barbosa","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy628","article-title":"Persistent parasitemia despite dramatic reduction in malaria incidence after 3 rounds of indoor residual spraying in Tororo, Uganda","volume":"219","author":"Nankabirwa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix1123","article-title":"The relative contribution of symptomatic and asymptomatic Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections to the infectious reservoir in a low-endemic setting in Ethiopia","volume":"66","author":"Tadesse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B10","first-page":"100169","article-title":"Relative contribution of low-density and asymptomatic infections to Plasmodium vivax transmission in the Amazon: pooled analysis of individual participant data from population-based cross-sectional surveys","volume":"9","author":"Ferreira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60310-4","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of malaria elimination: new strategies for new challenges","volume":"382","author":"Cotter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30047-1","article-title":"Asymptomatic low-density malaria infections: a parasite survival strategy?","volume":"18","author":"Bj\u00f6rkman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.07.008","article-title":"Why asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections are common in low-transmission settings","volume":"36","author":"Bj\u00f6rkman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3072","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.03072","article-title":"The consequences of mixed-species malaria parasite co-infections in mice and mosquitoes for disease severity, parasite fitness, and transmission success","volume":"10","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4711","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25062-z","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum transcription in different clinical presentations of malaria associates with circulation time of infected erythrocytes","volume":"12","author":"Thomson-Luque","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026247","article-title":"Microsatellite markers reveal a spectrum of population structures in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum","volume":"17","author":"Anderson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9550-9_4","article-title":"Malaria situation in Latin America and the Caribbean: residual and resurgent transmission and challenges for control and elimination","volume":"2013","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-55416-3_14","volume-title":"Environment and development: challenges, policies and practices","author":"Johansen","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjz220","article-title":"Field efficacy of VectoMax FG and VectoLex CG biological larvicides for malaria vector control in northwestern Brazil","volume":"57","author":"Fontoura","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04964-3","article-title":"Monthly biological larviciding associated with a tenfold decrease in larval density in fish farming ponds and reduced community-wide malaria incidence in northwestern Brazil","volume":"14","author":"Fontoura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762007005000051","article-title":"Clinical spectrum of uncomplicated malaria in semi-immune Amazonians: beyond the \u201csymptomatic\u201d vs \u201casymptomatic\u201d dichotomy","volume":"102","author":"da Silva-Nunes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B22","first-page":"115","article-title":"Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data\u2014or tears: an application to educational enrollments in states of India","volume":"38","author":"Filmer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B23","author":"Ministry of Health of Brazil","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03507.x","article-title":"Improved performance with saliva and urine as alternative DNA sources for malaria diagnosis by mitochondrial DNA-based PCR assays","volume":"17","author":"Putaporntip","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e220175","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760220175","article-title":"Clinically silent Plasmodium vivax infections in native Amazonians of northwestern Brazil: acquired immunity or low parasite virulence?","volume":"117","author":"Barros","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2006.01534.x","article-title":"Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers for the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax","volume":"7","author":"Karunaweera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Notes"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-389-3_17","article-title":"Microsatellite analysis of malaria parasites","volume":"1006","author":"Orjuela-Sa\u0301nchez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/16.9.847","article-title":"LIAN 3.0: detecting linkage disequilibrium in multilocus data. Linkage analysis","volume":"16","author":"Haubold","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09441-1","article-title":"The temporal dynamics and infectiousness of subpatent Plasmodium falciparum infections in relation to parasite density","volume":"10","author":"Slater","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182014001176","article-title":"Genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax over time and space: a community-based study in rural Amazonia","volume":"142","author":"Batista","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268820000515","article-title":"Molecular evidence of sustained urban malaria transmission in Amazonian Brazil, 2014\u20132015","volume":"148","author":"Salla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00625-18","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00625-18","article-title":"Bone marrow is a major parasite reservoir in Plasmodium vivax infection","volume":"9","author":"Obaldia","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2023884","article-title":"Hidden biomass of intact malaria parasites in the human spleen","volume":"384","author":"Kho","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e71351","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.71351","article-title":"Total parasite biomass but not peripheral parasitaemia is associated with endothelial and haematological perturbations in Plasmodium vivax patients","volume":"10","author":"Silva-Filho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3783","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.8.3783-3787.1998","article-title":"Only viable parasites are detected by PCR following clearance of rodent malarial infections by drug treatment or immune responses","volume":"66","author":"Jarra","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.10.003","article-title":"Detection of malaria parasites after treatment in travelers: a 12-months longitudinal study and statistical modelling analysis","volume":"25","author":"Homann M","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01080-19","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01080-19","article-title":"Evaluation of PCR to monitor Plasmodium falciparum treatment efficacy in a nonendemicity setting","volume":"58","author":"Kamaliddin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099005211","article-title":"Apparent tolerance of Plasmodium falciparum in infants in a highly endemic area","volume":"120","author":"Vounatsou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1086\/654815","article-title":"On the cytoadhesion of Plasmodium vivax\u2013infected erythrocytes","volume":"202","author":"Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu018","article-title":"Paucity of Plasmodium vivax mature schizonts in peripheral blood is associated with their increased cytoadhesive potential","volume":"209","author":"Lopes","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0008104","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008104","article-title":"Plasmodium vivax transcriptional profiling of low input cryopreserved isolates through the intraerythrocytic development cycle","volume":"14","author":"Rangel","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35832","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.35832","article-title":"Quantification of anti-parasite and anti-disease immunity to malaria as a function of age and exposure","volume":"7","author":"Rodriguez-Barraquer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762006000300001","article-title":"A new challenge for malaria control in Brazil: asymptomatic Plasmodium infection\u2014a review","volume":"101","author":"Coura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2026041420075243100_jiad456-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005221","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005221","article-title":"Reactive case detection for Plasmodium vivax malaria elimination in rural Amazonia","volume":"10","author":"Fontoura","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad456\/56576597\/jiad456.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/229\/4\/947\/57223226\/jiad456.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/229\/4\/947\/57223226\/jiad456.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:15:22Z","timestamp":1776212122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/229\/4\/947\/7600042"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad456","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]}}}