{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:05:47Z","timestamp":1792785947940,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Merck Sharp & Dohme, LLC"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004334","name":"Merck & Co, Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>International data on anogenital HPV infection incidence among men are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incidence of incident-persistent (IP) anogenital HPV infections was evaluated among 295 men who have sex with men (MSM) and 1576 heterosexual men (HM) aged 16\u201327 years in the placebo arm of a global, multicenter 4-valent (4v) HPV vaccine trial. We estimated IP incidence (penile\/scrotal, perineal\/perianal, anal) for 4vHPV and 9-valent (9v) HPV vaccine types and cumulative IP incidence over 36 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IP infection incidence per 100 person-years (95% CI) among HM for 4vHPV and 9vHPV types was 4.1 (3.5\u20134.9) and 6.8 (5.9\u20137.6) at penile\/scrotal, and 1.2 (.8\u20131.6) and 1.9 (1.5\u20132.4) at perineal\/perianal sites, respectively; and among MSM, IP infection incidence was 2.3 (1.3\u20133.8) and 3.2 (2.0\u20134.9) at penile\/scrotal, 6.8 (4.9\u20139.2) and 9.0 (6.9\u201311.6) at perineal\/perianal, and 12.0 (9.4\u201315.1) and 16.8 (13.7\u201320.2) at anal sites, respectively. Cumulative IP incidence over 36 months (excluding anal canal; any 9vHPV type) was higher among MSM versus HM (24.1% vs 18.4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A substantial proportion of unvaccinated men of catch-up vaccination age developed IP 9vHPV-related infections. Gender-neutral vaccination could decrease male HPV infection, contribute to herd protection, and reduce disease burden.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00090285.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:08:38Z","timestamp":1701130118000},"page":"707-718","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["High Risk of New HPV Infection Acquisition Among Unvaccinated Young Men"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"229","author":[{"given":"Anna R","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa, Florida , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel M","family":"Palefsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California SanFrancisco , San Francisco, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen E","family":"Goldstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , NewYork, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brady","family":"Dubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co, Inc , Rahway, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfred","family":"Saah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co, Inc , Rahway, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Luxembourg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co, Inc , Rahway, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Velicer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co, Inc , Rahway, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph E","family":"Tota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co, Inc , Rahway, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30716","article-title":"Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type","volume":"141","author":"de Martel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human papillomavirus vaccination: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP)","volume":"63","author":"Markowitz","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62342-2","article-title":"Incidence and clearance of genital human papillomavirus infection in men (HIM): a cohort study","volume":"377","author":"Giuliano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir637","article-title":"Six-month incidence, persistence, and factors associated with persistence of anal human papillomavirus in men: the HPV in men study","volume":"204","author":"Nyitray","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909537","article-title":"Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV infection and disease in males","volume":"364","author":"Giuliano","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1010971","article-title":"HPV vaccine against anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"365","author":"Palefsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00236-10","article-title":"Comparison of real-time multiplex human papillomavirus (HPV) PCR assays with INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping extra assay","volume":"49","author":"Else","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00235-10","article-title":"Comparison of real-time multiplex human papillomavirus (HPV) PCR assays with the linear array HPV genotyping PCR assay and influence of DNA extraction method on HPV detection","volume":"49","author":"Roberts","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5762","article-title":"Model selection in competing risks regression","volume":"32","author":"Kuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000245960.52668.e5","article-title":"Risk factors for genital and anal warts in a prospective cohort of HIV-negative homosexual men: the HIM study","volume":"34","author":"Jin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B11","first-page":"240","article-title":"Regional distribution and incidence of human papillomavirus infections among heterosexual men and women with multiple sexual partners: a prospective study","volume":"70","author":"Van Doornum","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1086\/591095","article-title":"Age-specific prevalence, incidence, and duration of human papillomavirus infections in a cohort of 290 US men","volume":"198","author":"Giuliano","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1086\/521192","article-title":"Genital human papillomavirus infection in men: incidence and risk factors in a cohort of university students","volume":"196","author":"Partridge","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit441","article-title":"High rates of incident and prevalent anal human papillomavirus infection among young men who have sex with men","volume":"209","author":"Glick","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1086\/597207","article-title":"Prevalence, clearance, and incidence of anal human papillomavirus infection in HIV-infected men: the HIPVIRG cohort study","volume":"199","author":"de Pokomandy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2012.02.014","article-title":"Prevalence, genotype diversity and determinants of anal HPV infection in HIV-uninfected men having sex with men","volume":"54","author":"Don\u00e0","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0307","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infection in men who have sex with men in Lima, Peru","volume":"28","author":"Quinn","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054851","article-title":"Sexual behaviours associated with incident high-risk anal human papillomavirus among gay and bisexual men","volume":"98","author":"Wong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.01.069","article-title":"Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent HPV vaccine in Japanese men: a randomized, phase 3, placebo-controlled study","volume":"37","author":"Mikamo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv061","article-title":"The natural history of genital human papillomavirus among HIV-negative men having sex with men and men having sex with women","volume":"212","author":"Nyitray","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60696","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060696","article-title":"Patterns of human papillomavirus DNA and antibody positivity in young males and females, suggesting a site-specific natural course of infection","volume":"8","author":"Vriend","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1086\/521632","article-title":"Risk factors for anogenital human papillomavirus infection in men","volume":"196","author":"Nielson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182968f87","article-title":"Risk factors for anal human papillomavirus infection type 16 among HIV-positive men who have sex with men in San Francisco","volume":"63","author":"Hernandez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit191","article-title":"Consistent condom use reduces the genital human papillomavirus burden among high-risk men: the HPV infection in men study","volume":"208","author":"Pierce Campbell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B25","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00327-3","article-title":"Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a quadrivalent HPV vaccine in men: results of an open-label, long-term extension of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"22","author":"Goldstone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031408461388600_jiad485-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pky076","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pky076","article-title":"Who will benefit from expanding HPV vaccination programs to boys?","volume":"2","author":"Qendri","year":"2018","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad485\/53871674\/jiad485.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/229\/3\/707\/56967255\/jiad485.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/229\/3\/707\/56967255\/jiad485.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T04:49:35Z","timestamp":1710391775000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/229\/3\/707\/7452997"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad485","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]}}}