{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:30:53Z","timestamp":1792031453935,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013322","name":"European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Interventions introduced to reduce the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to a widespread reduction in childhood infections. However, from spring 2021 onwards the United Kingdom and Ireland experienced an unusual out-of-season epidemic of respiratory disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a prospective observational study (BronchStart), enrolling children 0\u201323 months of age presenting with bronchiolitis, lower respiratory tract infection, or first episode of wheeze to 59 emergency departments across England, Scotland, and Ireland from May 2021 to April 2022. We combined testing data with national admissions datasets to infer the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The BronchStart study collected data on 17 899 presentations for 17 164 children. Risk factors for admission and escalation of care included prematurity and congenital heart disease, but most admissions were for previously healthy term-born children. Of those aged 0\u201311 months who were admitted and tested for RSV, 1907 of 3912 (48.7%) tested positive. We estimate that every year in England and Scotland 28 561 (95% confidence interval, 27 637\u201329 486) infants are admitted with RSV infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>RSV infection was the main cause of hospitalizations in this cohort, but 51.3% of admissions in infants were not associated with the virus. The majority of admissions were in previously healthy term-born infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T16:19:43Z","timestamp":1701274783000},"page":"e111-e120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinical Impact of Serious Respiratory Disease in Children Under the Age of 2 Years During the 2021\u20132022 Bronchiolitis Season in England, Scotland, and Ireland"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3866-1344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas C","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People , Edinburgh , United 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