{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:03:45Z","timestamp":1782860625014,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["666102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["666102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RIA-2016E-1609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RIA-2016E-1609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101046084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101046084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008211","name":"Drexel University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The critical issues of sustained memory immunity following ebolavirus disease among long-term survivors are still unclear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Here, we examine virus-specific immune and inflammatory responses following in vitro challengd in 12 Sudan virus (SUDV) long-term survivors from Uganda\u2019s 2000\u20132001 Gulu outbreak, 15 years after recovery. Total RNA from isolated SUDV-stimulated and unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells was extracted and analyzed. Matched serum samples were also collected to determine SUDV IgG levels and functionality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We detected persistent humoral (58%, 7 of 12) and cellular (33%, 4 of 12) immune responses in SUDV long-term survivors and identified critical molecular mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity. Gene expression in immune pathways, the interferon signaling system, antiviral defense response, and activation and regulation of T- and B-cell responses were observed. SUDV long-term survivors also maintained robust virus-specific IgG antibodies capable of polyfunctional responses, including neutralizing and innate Fc effector functions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data integration identified significant correlations among humoral and cellular immune responses and pinpointed a specific innate and adaptive gene expression signature associated with long-lasting immunity. This could help identify natural and vaccine correlates of protection against ebolavirus disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]],"date-time":"2023-12-09T04:21:50Z","timestamp":1702095710000},"page":"426-437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Long-term Sudan Virus Ebola Survivors Maintain Multiple Antiviral Defense Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Ariel","family":"Sobarzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel"},{"name":"The Pre-Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , 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Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Polina","family":"Brangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London Centre for Nanotechnology, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana I","family":"Kuehne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Immunology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases , Fort Detrick, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel A","family":"McKendry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London Centre for Nanotechnology, Division of Medicine, University College London , London , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua Chang","family":"Mell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Genomic Sciences and Center for Advanced Microbial Processing, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Genomic Core Facility, Drexel University College of Medicine , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azad","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Genomic Sciences and Center for Advanced Microbial Processing, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Genomic Core Facility, Drexel University College of Medicine , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claytus","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Dye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Immunology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases , Fort Detrick, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius Julian","family":"Lutwama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arbovirology, Emerging and Re-emerging Infection, Uganda Virus Research Institute , Entebbe , Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Lobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , 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