{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:29:57Z","timestamp":1791487797949,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019533","name":"Moderna, Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019533","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Current estimates of the economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are needed for policymakers to evaluate adult RSV vaccination strategies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cost-of-illness model was developed to estimate the annual societal burden of RSV in US adults aged \u226560 years. Additional analyses were conducted to estimate the burden of hospitalized RSV in all adults aged 50\u201359 years and in adults aged 18\u201349 years with potential RSV risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among US adults aged \u226560 years, the model estimated 4.0 million annual RSV cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 2.7\u20135.6 million) and an annual economic burden of $6.6 billion (95% UI, $3.1\u2013$12.9 billion; direct medical costs, $2.9 billion; indirect costs, $3.7 billion). The 4% of RSV cases that were hospitalized contributed to 94% of direct medical costs. Additional analyses estimated $422 million in annual hospitalization costs among all adults aged 50\u201359 years. Among adults aged 18\u201349 years with RSV risk factors, annual per capita burden was highest among people with congestive heart failure at $51 100 per 1000 people.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The economic burden of RSV is substantial among adults aged \u226550 years and among adults aged 18\u201349 years with RSV risk factors, underscoring the need for preventive interventions for these populations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T22:42:51Z","timestamp":1701988971000},"page":"e342-e352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["The Annual Economic Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adults in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Justin","family":"Carrico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI Health Solutions , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI Health Solutions , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moderna, Inc , Cambridge, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A","family":"Panozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moderna, Inc , Cambridge, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parinaz","family":"Ghaswalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moderna, Inc , Cambridge, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043951","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly and high-risk adults","volume":"352","author":"Falsey","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25285","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus-associated illness in adults with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and\/or congestive heart failure","volume":"91","author":"Falsey","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab595","article-title":"Incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection among hospitalized adults, 2017\u20132020","volume":"74","author":"Branche","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e158","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa730","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus\u2013associated hospitalizations among adults with chronic medical conditions","volume":"73","author":"Prasad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13031","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.13031","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus disease burden in adults aged 60 years and older in high-income countries: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Savic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549211041545","article-title":"Severe clinical outcomes among adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infections, New York City, 2017\u20132019","volume":"137","author":"Goldman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.03.046","article-title":"The annual impact of seasonal influenza in the US: measuring disease burden and costs","volume":"25","author":"Molinari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.05.057","article-title":"Economic burden of seasonal influenza in the United States","volume":"36","author":"Putri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1780847","article-title":"Impact of population aging on the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases among older adults in the United States","volume":"17","author":"Talbird","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s10935-015-0394-3","article-title":"Estimated human and economic burden of four major adult vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States, 2013","volume":"36","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Prim Prev"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.0462","article-title":"Modeling the economic burden of adult vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States","volume":"35","author":"Ozawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.12.002","article-title":"Clinical and economic outcomes associated with respiratory syncytial virus vaccination in older adults in the United States","volume":"40","author":"Herring","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.04.026","article-title":"Capturing the value of vaccination within health technology assessment and health economics: country analysis and priority value concepts","volume":"40","author":"Postma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B14","author":"Food and Drug Administration"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B15","author":"European Medicines Agency"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B16","author":"European Medicines Agency"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B17","author":"Food and Drug Administration"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7229a4","article-title":"Use of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in older adults: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices\u2014United States, 2023","volume":"72","author":"Melgar","year":"2023","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B19","author":"United States Census Bureau"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B20","author":"Ghaswalla P, Hitchens A, Candrilli SD, et al."},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B21","author":"Hutton"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B22","author":"Patton"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01230-3","article-title":"A real-world analysis of patient characteristics and predictors of hospitalization among US Medicare beneficiaries with respiratory syncytial virus infection","volume":"37","author":"Wyffels","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa183","article-title":"Cost of hospitalization associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection versus influenza infection in hospitalized older adults","volume":"222","author":"Ackerson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12912","article-title":"Cost determinants among adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus in the United States, 2017\u20132019","volume":"16","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B26","volume-title":"Costs of emergency department visits in the United States, 2017: Statistical Brief #268","author":"Moore","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B27","author":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2018.1542520","article-title":"Estimated annual and lifetime labor productivity in the United States, 2016: implications for economic evaluations","volume":"22","author":"Grosse","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00249-2","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose inactivated influenza vaccine in adults aged 65 years and older: an economic evaluation of data from a randomised controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Chit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B30","author":"United States Bureau of Economic Analysis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B31","author":"US Bureau of Labor Statistics"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X12458348","article-title":"Model parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis: a report of the ISPOR-SMDM modeling good research practices task force working group-6","volume":"32","author":"Briggs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2021.11.664","article-title":"POSC190 hospital utilization for elderly patients diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) versus influenza in the US","volume":"25","author":"Belk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofw270","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw270","article-title":"Hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus among adults in the United States, 1997\u20132012","volume":"4","author":"Pastula","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy991","article-title":"Severe morbidity and mortality associated with respiratory syncytial virus versus influenza infection in hospitalized older adults","volume":"69","author":"Ackerson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0264890","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264890","article-title":"Rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated hospitalization among adults with congestive heart failure\u2014United States, 2015\u20132017","volume":"17","author":"Kujawski","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofy316","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy316","article-title":"Clinical features, severity, and incidence of RSV illness during 12 consecutive seasons in a community cohort of adults \u226560 years old","volume":"5","author":"Belongia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12234","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus- and human metapneumovirus-associated emergency department and hospital burden in adults","volume":"8","author":"Widmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofac300","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac300","article-title":"Rates of medically attended RSV among US adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad012","article-title":"Under-ascertainment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults due to diagnostic testing limitations: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"228","author":"Onwuchekwa","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"POSB60 Evolution of direct medical costs associated with respiratory syncytial virus disease in older adults: a retrospective database analysis from 2008 to 2017","author":"Lonnet","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2021.11.333"},{"key":"2024081523511598400_jiad559-B42","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad559\/55383499\/jiad559.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/230\/2\/e342\/58808418\/jiad559.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/230\/2\/e342\/58808418\/jiad559.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T23:52:12Z","timestamp":1723765932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/230\/2\/e342\/7462192"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad559","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]}}}