{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:52:30Z","timestamp":1790268750126,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI111143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI111143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24AI098627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24AI098627"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43 TW009337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43 TW009337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Global Health Fellowship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2018 the World Health Organization recommended a switch to an all oral bedaquiline-based second-line regimen for treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). How these new second-line regimens fare in comparison to first-line regimens for treatment of drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) is not well known.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, we contemporaneously enrolled subjects with DS-TB (n = 31) or DR-TB (n = 23) and assessed their response to therapy with first-line (rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide) or second-line (bedaquiline, pyrazinamide, levofloxacin, linezolid, clofazimine) regimens, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found that the early bactericidal activity of first- and second-line regimens was similar during the first 2 weeks of therapy as determined by BACTEC MGIT, colony-forming units, and a liquid limiting dilution assay capable of detecting differentially detectable\/culturable Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, an identical percentage (77.8%) of subjects from the DS-TB and DR-TB cohorts converted to culture negative after 2 months of therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite presenting with more advanced disease at time of treatment, subjects with DR-TB receiving an all oral bedaquiline-based second-line treatment regimen displayed a similar microbiological response to therapy as subjects with DS-TB receiving a first-line treatment regimen.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T22:42:00Z","timestamp":1701988920000},"page":"e447-e456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Bedaquiline, Pyrazinamide, Levofloxacin, Linezolid, and Clofazimine Second-line Regimen for Tuberculosis Displays Similar Early Bactericidal Activity as the Standard Rifampin-Based First-line Regimen"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3134-1783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayvan","family":"Zainabadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine , NewYork, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stalz Charles","family":"Vilbrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Les Centres GHESKIO , Port-au-Prince , Haiti"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent Daniel","family":"Mathurin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Les Centres GHESKIO , Port-au-Prince , Haiti"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen Frances","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine , NewYork, New York"},{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean William","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine , NewYork, New York"},{"name":"Les Centres GHESKIO , Port-au-Prince , Haiti"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel W","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine , NewYork, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine , NewYork, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B1","volume-title":"World tuberculosis report 2022","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B2","volume-title":"WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment\u2014drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, 2022 update","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801528","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01528-2018","article-title":"High treatment success rate for multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis using a bedaquiline-containing treatment regimen","volume":"52","author":"Ndjeka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313865","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and culture conversion with bedaquiline","volume":"371","author":"Diacon","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00724-2015","article-title":"Bedaquiline in the treatment of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"47","author":"Pym","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31644-1","article-title":"Treatment correlates of successful outcomes in pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Collaborative Group for the Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data in MDR-TB treatment\u20142017","volume":"392","author":"Ahmad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30235-2","article-title":"Effect of bedaquiline on mortality in South African patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Schnippel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu786","article-title":"Compassionate use of bedaquiline for the treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: interim analysis of a French cohort","volume":"60","author":"Guglielmetti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800544","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00544-2018","article-title":"Long-term bedaquiline-related treatment outcomes in patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis from South Africa","volume":"51","author":"Olayanju","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700387","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00387-2017","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR-and XDR-TB: a multicentre study","volume":"49","author":"Borisov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07693-9","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens for treatment on patients with refractory RR\/MDR\/XDR-tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study in east China","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0468","article-title":"The devil we know: is the use of injectable agents for the treatment of MDR-TB justified?","volume":"21","author":"Reuter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B13","volume-title":"Rapid \u0441ommunication: key changes to treatment of multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR\/RR-TB).","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0060821","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00608-21","article-title":"Characterization of differentially detectable Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the sputum of subjects with drug-sensitive or drug-resistant tuberculosis before and after two months of therapy","volume":"65","author":"Zainabadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0270122","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02701-22","article-title":"Transcriptional biomarkers of differentially detectable Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patient sputum","volume":"13","author":"Zainabadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17382","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19985-w","article-title":"An optimized method for purifying, detecting and quantifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA from sputum for monitoring treatment response in TB patients","volume":"12","author":"Zainabadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90569","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090569","article-title":"Correlation between genotypic and phenotypic testing for resistance to rifampin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Haiti: investigation of cases with discrepant susceptibility results","volume":"9","author":"Ocheretina","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B18","volume-title":"Division of AIDS (DAIDS) table for grading the severity of adult and pediatric adverse events","author":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","year":"2014"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4832","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1705385114","article-title":"Rifamycin action on RNA polymerase in antibiotic tolerant Mycobacterium tuberculosis results in differentially detectable populations","volume":"114","author":"Saito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02192-18","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02192-18","article-title":"Differentially detectable Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells in sputum from treatment-naive subjects in Haiti and their proportionate increase after initiation of treatment","volume":"9","author":"McAulay","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B23","first-page":"560","article-title":"Baseline sputum time to detection predicts month two culture conversion and relapse in non-HIV-infected patients","volume":"14","author":"Hesseling","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberculosis Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B24","first-page":"6","article-title":"Time to sputum conversion in smear positive pulmonary TB patients on category I DOTS and factors delaying it","volume":"60","author":"Parikh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0160062","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160062","article-title":"Bacterial loads measured by the Xpert MTB\/RIF assay as markers of culture conversion and bacteriological cure in pulmonary TB","volume":"11","author":"Shenai","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064148","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1064148","article-title":"Differentially culturable tubercle bacteria as a measure of tuberculosis treatment response","volume":"12","author":"Peters","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0100","article-title":"Successful \u20189-month Bangladesh regimen\u2019 for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among over 500 consecutive patients","volume":"18","author":"Aung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu619","article-title":". Treatment outcomes of patients with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis according to drug susceptibility testing to first- and second-line drugs: an individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Bastos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30366-2","article-title":"Bedaquiline, moxifloxacin, pretomanid, and pyrazinamide during the first 8 weeks of treatment of patients with drug-susceptible or drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a multicentre, open-label, partially randomised, phase 2b trial","volume":"7","author":"Tweed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202107-1779OC","article-title":"An all-oral 6-month regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial (the NExT study)","volume":"205","author":"Esmail","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-9792(08)70038-6","article-title":"The early bactericidal activity of anti-tuberculosis drugs: a literature review","volume":"88","author":"Donald","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0239821","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02398-21","article-title":"Novel regimens of bedaquiline-pyrazinamide combined with moxifloxacin, rifabutin, delamanid and\/or OPC-167832 in murine tuberculosis models","volume":"66","author":"Tasneen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5485","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05293-11","article-title":"Sterilizing activity of novel TMC207- and PA-824-containing regimens in a murine model of tuberculosis","volume":"55","author":"Tasneen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2024081523522222100_jiad564-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2212537","article-title":"Crook AM; TRUNCATE-TB trial team. Treatment strategy for rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis","volume":"388","author":"Paton","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad564\/56259968\/jiad564.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/230\/2\/e447\/58808670\/jiad564.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/230\/2\/e447\/58808670\/jiad564.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T23:53:43Z","timestamp":1723766023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/230\/2\/e447\/7462182"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiad564","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]}}}