{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T21:32:11Z","timestamp":1782423131212,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DZIF TTU"},{"name":"HIV Immunecontrol and EuResist"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Torque teno virus (TTV) is part of the human virome. TTV load was related to the immune status in patients after organ transplantation. We hypothesize that TTV load could be an additional marker for immune function in people living with HIV (PLWH).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this analysis, serum samples of PLWH from the RESINA multicenter cohort were reanalyzed for TTV. Investigated clinical and epidemiological parameters included human pegivirus load, patient age and sex, HIV load, CD4+ T-cell count (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] stage 1, 2, or 3), and CDC clinical stage (1993 CDC classification system; stage A, B, or C) before initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Regression analysis was used to detect possible associations among parameters.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our analysis confirmed TTV as a strong predictor of CD4+ T-cell count and CDC class 3. This relationship was used to propose a first classification of TTV load with regard to clinical stage. We found no association with clinical CDC stages A\u2013C. The human pegivirus load was inversely correlated with HIV load but not TTV load.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TTV load was associated with immunodeficiency in PLWH. Neither TTV nor HIV load were predictive for the clinical categories of HIV infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T13:11:18Z","timestamp":1705497078000},"page":"e437-e446","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Torque Teno Virus Load Is Associated With Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Stage and CD4+ Cell Count in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus but Seems Unrelated to AIDS-Defining Events and Human Pegivirus Load"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Pia L","family":"Esser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Bonn , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gibran H Rubio","family":"Quintanares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"Paul Ehrlich Institute , Langen , Germany"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran , Mexico City , Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Langhans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Bonn , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Heger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Cologne , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"B\u00f6hm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Cologne , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn-Erik O L E","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty and University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf , D\u00fcsseldorf , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Esser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3820-7915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"L\u00fcbke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf , D\u00fcsseldorf , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"F\u00e4tkenheuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Cologne , Cologne , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Lengauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Cologne , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Oette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for General Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Infectious Diseases, Augustinerinnen Hospital , Cologne , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juergen K","family":"Rockstroh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Bonn , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Boesecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Bonn , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Di Cristanziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn , Cologne , 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