{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T09:44:48Z","timestamp":1794217488693,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The global incidence target for the elimination of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs (PWID) is &amp;lt;2\/100. In Norway, the hepatitis C epidemic is concentrated in PWID. Immigrants are the second most important risk group for chronic infection. We modelled the incidence of hepatitis C among active PWID, and the prevalence of chronic infection among active PWID, ex-PWID, and immigrants in Norway to 2022.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We built a stochastic compartmental model, which was informed using data from national data sources, literature, and expert opinion. We report median values with 95% credible intervals (CrI).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The model estimated 30 (95% Crl, 13\u201352) new infections among active PWID in 2022, or 0.37\/100 (95% Crl, 0.17\u20130.65), down from a peak of 726 (95% Crl, 506\u20131067) in 2000. Across all groups, the model estimated 3202 (95% Crl, 1273\u20136601) chronically infected persons in 2022. Results were robust in sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Norway provides an example of the feasibility of hepatitis C elimination in a setting with a concentrated epidemic, high coverage of harm reduction services, and no treatment restrictions. Continued momentum is needed to further reduce the transmission and burden of hepatitis C in Norway.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T22:19:27Z","timestamp":1711577967000},"page":"e700-e711","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Monitoring Progress Towards the Elimination of Hepatitis C as a Public Health Threat in Norway: A Modelling Study Among People Who Inject Drugs and Immigrants"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2810-7734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Whittaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Vaccines, Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen E","family":"Midtb\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Method Development and Analytics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilde","family":"Kl\u00f8vstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Vaccines, Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092316162228000_jiae147-B1","volume-title":"Global progress report on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2021","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"2024092316162228000_jiae147-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.07.012","article-title":"Natural history of hepatitis 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