{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T10:08:08Z","timestamp":1747390088399,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Flu-like reactions can occur after exposure to rifampin, rifapentine, or isoniazid. Prior studies have reported the presence of antibodies to rifampin, but associations with underlying pathogenesis are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We evaluated PREVENT TB study participants who received weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine for 3 months (3HP) or daily isoniazid for 9 months (9H) as treatment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Flu-like reaction was defined as a grade \u22652 of any of flu-like symptoms. Controls (3HP or 9H) did not report flu-like reactions. We developed a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to detect antibodies against rifapentine, isoniazid, rifampin, and rifapentine metabolite.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 128 participants, 69 received 3HP (22 with flu-like reactions; 47 controls) and 59 received 9H (12 with flu-like reactions; 47 controls). In participants receiving 3HP, anti-rifapentine IgG was identified in 2 of 22 (9%) participants with flu-like reactions and 6 of 47 (13%) controls (P = .7), anti-isoniazid IgG in 2 of 22 (9%) participants with flu-like reactions and 4 of 47 (9%) controls (P = .9). Among participants receiving 9H, IgG and IgM anti-isoniazid antibodies were each present in 4 of 47 (9%) controls, but none among participants with flu-like reactions; anti-rifapentine IgG antibodies were not present in any participants with flu-like reactions or controls.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We detected anti-rifapentine, anti-isoniazid, and anti-rifapentine metabolite antibodies, but the proportions of participants with antibodies were low, and did not differ between participants with flu-like reactions and those without such reactions. This suggests that flu-like reactions associated with 3HP and 9H were not antibody mediated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>NCT00023452.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T23:12:18Z","timestamp":1713568338000},"page":"1271-1278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment for Antibodies to Rifapentine and Isoniazid in Persons Developing Flu-Like Reactions During Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8283-1304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth N","family":"Moro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Mehaffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prithwiraj","family":"De","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrey S","family":"Borisov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy R","family":"Sterling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen M","family":"Dobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024111514523582800_jiae180-B1","first-page":"300","article-title":"\u2018Flu\u2019 syndrome on once monthly rifampicin: a case report","volume":"60","author":"Vaz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lepr 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