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The rise in Lyme disease cases since its discovery in the 1970s has reinforced the need for a vaccine. A vaccine based on B burgdorferi outer surface protein A (OspA) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) several decades ago, but was pulled from the market a few years later, reportedly due to poor sales, despite multiple organizations concluding that it was safe and effective. Newer OspA-based vaccines are being developed and are likely to be available in the coming years. More recently, there has been a push to develop vaccines that target the tick vector instead of the pathogen to inhibit tick feeding and thus prevent transmission of tick-borne pathogens to humans and wildlife reservoirs. This review outlines the history of Lyme disease vaccines and this movement to anti-tick vaccine approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T11:47:41Z","timestamp":1723636061000},"page":"S82-S86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Vaccination to Prevent Lyme Disease: A Movement Towards Anti-Tick Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Emily E","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut , USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health , New Haven, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erol","family":"Fikrig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024081411465711700_jiae202-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200102","article-title":"An epidemic of oligoarticular arthritis in children and adults in three Connecticut communities","volume":"20","author":"Steere","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024081411465711700_jiae202-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2702.202731","article-title":"Estimating the frequency of Lyme disease diagnoses, United States, 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