{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T11:56:04Z","timestamp":1792410964086,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010753","name":"National Health Laboratory Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010753","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"US Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43TW011255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW011255"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000276","name":"Department of Health and Social Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["218205\/Z\/19\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["218205\/Z\/19\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Invasive meningococcal isolates in South Africa have in previous years (&amp;lt;2008) been characterized by serogroup B, C, W, and Y lineages over time, with penicillin intermediate resistance (peni) at 6%. We describe the population structure and genomic markers of peni among invasive meningococcal isolates in South Africa, 2016\u20132021.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Meningococcal isolates were collected through national, laboratory-based invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) surveillance. Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing were performed, and the mechanism of reduced penicillin susceptibility was assessed in silico.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 585 IMD cases reported during the study period, culture and PCR-based capsular group was determined for 477\/585 (82%); and 241\/477 (51%) were sequenced. Predominant serogroups included NmB (210\/477; 44%), NmW (116\/477; 24%), NmY (96\/477; 20%), and NmC (48\/477; 10%). Predominant clonal complexes (CC) were CC41\/44 in NmB (27\/113; 24%), CC11 in NmW (46\/56; 82%), CC167 in NmY (23\/44; 53%), and CC865 in NmC (9\/24; 38%). Peni was detected in 16% (42\/262) of isolates, and was due to the presence of a penA mosaic, with the majority harboring penA7, penA9, or penA14.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IMD lineages circulating in South Africa were consistent with those circulating prior to 2008; however, peni was higher than previously reported, and occurred in a variety of lineages.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T20:06:30Z","timestamp":1714507590000},"page":"e1311-e1321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genomic Diversity and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Invasive <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i> in South Africa, 2016\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6608-9162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rito L","family":"Mikhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Meiring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"de Gouveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai Yin","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sequencing Core Facility, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Genetics, and Microbiology, University of Pretoria , Pretoria ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Wits Diagnostic Innovative Hub, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatesrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith A","family":"Jolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Oxford , Oxford ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7284-0103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daria","family":"Van Tyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee H","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henju","family":"Marjuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4672-5915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arshad","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sequencing Core Facility, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Agriculture, University of Venda , Thohoyandou ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology , Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service , Johannesburg ,","place":["South 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