{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:41:04Z","timestamp":1793335264654,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on antibiotic resistance of uropathogens for urinary tract infection (UTI) recurrences are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a retrospective cohort of adults at Kaiser Permanente Southern California with culture-confirmed index uncomplicated UTI (uUTI) between January 2016 and December 2020, we examined the number and characteristics of subsequent culture-confirmed UTIs through 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 148 994 individuals with a culture-confirmed index uUTI (88% female, 44% Hispanic; mean age, 51 years [standard deviation, 19 years]), of whom 19% developed a subsequent culture-confirmed UTI after a median 300 days (interquartile range, 126\u2013627 days). The proportion of UTI due to Escherichia coli was highest for index uUTI (79%) and decreased to 73% for sixth UTI (UTI 6) (P for trend &amp;lt; .001), while the proportion due to Klebsiella spp increased from index UTI (7%) to UTI 6 (11%) (P for trend &amp;lt; .001). Nonsusceptibility to \u22651 and \u22653 antibiotic classes was observed in 57% and 13% of index uUTIs, respectively, and was higher for subsequent UTIs (65% and 20%, respectively, for UTI 6). Most commonly observed antibiotic nonsusceptibility patterns included penicillins alone (12%), and penicillins and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole plus \u22651 additional antibiotic class (9%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibiotic nonsusceptibility is common in UTIs and increases with subsequent UTIs. Continuous monitoring of UTI recurrences and susceptibility patterns is needed to guide treatment decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T22:15:01Z","timestamp":1715379301000},"page":"e1344-e1354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Antibiotic Resistance of Urinary Tract Infection Recurrences in a Large Integrated US Healthcare System"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9469-5875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer H","family":"Ku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2336-8476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara Y","family":"Tartof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California"},{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Southern California and Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine , Pasadena, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley K","family":"Ackerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lie H","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris A C","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern 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