{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:05:48Z","timestamp":1792785948495,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009467","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009467","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"South African National Research Foundation","award":["98341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["98341"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001323","name":"Poliomyelitis Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20\/36"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20\/36"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016962","name":"Department of Science and Innovation, South Africa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016962","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centre for the AIDS Program of Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021014","name":"Department of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response","award":["75N93021C00014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93021C00014"]}]},{"name":"Collaborative Influenza Vaccine Innovation","award":["75N93019C00051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93019C00051"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Future vaccine candidates aim to elicit antibodies against the conserved hemagglutinin stalk domain. Understanding the protective mechanism of these antibodies, which mediate broad neutralization and Fc-mediated functions, following seasonal vaccination is critical.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma samples were obtained from pregnant women with or without HIV-1 enrolled in a randomised trial (138 trivalent inactivated vaccine [TIV] and 145 placebo recipients). Twenty-three influenza cases were confirmed within 6 months postpartum. We measured H1 stalk-specific antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), complement deposition (ADCD) and cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) at enrolment and 1-month postvaccination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower H1 stalk-specific ADCP and ADCD activity was detected for participants with confirmed influenza compared with individuals without illness 1-month postvaccination. Pre-existing ADCP scores \u2265250 reduced the odds of A\/H1N1 infection (odds ratio [OR], 0.11; P = .01) with an 83% likelihood of risk reduction. Following TIV, ADCD scores of \u226525 and \u226515 significantly reduced the odds against A\/H1N1 (OR, 0.10; P = .01) and non-group 1 (OR, 0.06; P = .0004) influenza virus infections, respectively. These ADCD scores were associated with &amp;gt;84% likelihood of risk reduction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, H1 stalk-specific Fc effector function correlates with protection against influenza illness following influenza vaccination during pregnancy. These findings provide insight into the protective mechanisms of hemagglutinin stalk antibodies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT01306669 and NCT01306682 (ClinicalTrials.gov).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T23:35:01Z","timestamp":1715384101000},"page":"1329-1336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Hemagglutinin Stalk-Specific Fc-Mediated Functions Are Associated With Protection Against Influenza Illness After Seasonal Influenza Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Boitumelo M","family":"Motsoeneng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"HIV Virology Section, Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nisha","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta C","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Department of Science and Innovation\/National Research Foundation, South African Research Chair Initiative in Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Respiratory Pathogens, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, \u00c9quipe Sant\u00e9 Publique, \u00c9pid\u00e9miologie et \u00c9cologie \u00c9volutive des Maladies Infectieuses (PHE3ID), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard , Lyon ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4121-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Krammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount 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Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penny L","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"HIV Virology Section, Centre for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services , Johannesburg ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu Natal , Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7678-2609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone I","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , 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