{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T05:44:01Z","timestamp":1787636641327,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Region G\u00e4vleborg","award":["CFUG-698631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CFUG-698631"]}]},{"name":"Region G\u00e4vleborg","award":["CFUG-978549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CFUG-978549"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001034","name":"ALF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Funds","award":["810901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["810901"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-05909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-05909"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002706","name":"Afa Insurance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["150411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["150411"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002706","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Alf de Ruvo Memorial Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009252","name":"Science for Life Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004063","name":"Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"SNIC"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015701","name":"Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study sought to investigate associations between virulence factors and phylogeny in all neonatal Escherichia coli bloodstream infections from patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Uppsala University Hospital between 2005 and 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 37 E. coli isolates from 32 neonates were whole-genome sequenced and analyzed for virulence factors related to extraintestinal E. coli; patient-related data were collected retrospectively from the medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>E. coli isolates that belong to phylogroup B2 were associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR], 26; P &amp;lt; .001), extreme prematurity with delivery before gestational week 28 (OR, 9; P &amp;lt; .05), and shock (OR, 9; P &amp;lt; .05) compared with isolates of non-B2 group. Female neonates were more often infected with isolates of phylogroup B2 E. coli compared with male neonates (OR, 7; P = .05). The identification of the genotoxin determinant clb coding for colibactin exhibited strong associations with mortality (OR, 67; P &amp;lt; .005), gestational age (OR, 18; P &amp;lt; .005), and shock (OR, 26; P &amp;lt; .005).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study highlighted the correlation between neonatal E. coli bacteremia caused by phylogroup B2 and the role of colibactin. Results emphasize difference between male and female neonates in E. coli populations in bloodstream infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T02:50:01Z","timestamp":1718160601000},"page":"e1136-e1145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Whole-Genome Sequencing of Invasive Neonatal\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    From Uppsala County, Sweden"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Heydecke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development G\u00e4vleborg, Uppsala University , G\u00e4vle ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, G\u00e4vle Hospital , G\u00e4vle ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Myrelid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Inflammation, Metabolism, and Child Health Research, Department of Women\u00b4s and Children\u00b4s Health, Uppsala University , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Uppsala University Hospital , Uppsala ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Normann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Uppsala University Hospital , Uppsala ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Perinatal, Neonatal, and Pediatric Cardiology Research, Department of Women\u00b4s and Children\u00b4s Health, Uppsala University , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Gullsby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development G\u00e4vleborg, Uppsala University , G\u00e4vle ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, G\u00e4vle Hospital , G\u00e4vle ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3058-0769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Tano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University , Uppsala ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5765-8597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne","family":"S\u00fctterlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Inflammation, Metabolism, and Child Health Research, Department of Women\u00b4s and Children\u00b4s Health, Uppsala University , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Uppsala University Hospital , Uppsala ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31819587a9","article-title":"Neonatal sepsis: a major global public health challenge","volume":"28","author":"Qazi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e200593","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.0593","article-title":"Early-onset neonatal sepsis 2015 to 2017, the rise of Escherichia coli, and the need for novel prevention strategies","volume":"174","author":"Stoll","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000769","article-title":"Neonatal sepsis: a review of pathophysiology and current management strategies","volume":"21","author":"Glaser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Neonatal Care"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-35214-7.00152-9","article-title":"Pathophysiology of neonatal sepsis","author":"Wynn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fetal Neonatal Physiol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2021.03.011","article-title":"Infection prevention in the neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"48","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.ame-0014-2020","article-title":"Distinguishing pathovars from nonpathovars: Escherichia coli","volume":"8","author":"Riley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.2.546-553.1999","article-title":"The link between phylogeny and virulence in Escherichia coli extraintestinal infection","volume":"67","author":"Picard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0295233","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0295233","article-title":"Limitations in predicting reduced susceptibility to third generation cephalosporins in Escherichia coli based on whole genome sequence data","volume":"18","author":"Heydecke","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2","article-title":"Basic local alignment search tool","volume":"215","author":"Altschul","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.232397.117","article-title":"GrapeTree: visualization of core genomic relationships among 100,000 bacterial pathogens","volume":"28","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3107","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.14713","article-title":"Characterization and rapid identification of phylogroup G in Escherichia coli, a lineage with high virulence and antibiotic resistance potential","volume":"21","author":"Clermont","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.09.009","article-title":"Extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC): disease, carriage and clones","volume":"71","author":"Dale","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piv013","article-title":"Emergence of antibiotic resistance-associated clones among Escherichia coli recovered from newborns with early-onset sepsis and meningitis in the United States, 2008\u20132009","volume":"5","author":"Weissman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"O1035","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12742","article-title":"Escherichia coli bacteraemia in pregnant women is life-threatening for foetuses","volume":"20","author":"Surgers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1999.1044","article-title":"Natural selection and sex differences in morbidity and mortality in early life","volume":"202","author":"Wells","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1126\/science.179.4068.90","article-title":"Natural selection of parental ability to vary the sex ratio of offspring","volume":"179","author":"Trivers","year":"1973","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.2.192","article-title":"Infectious disease mortality among infants in the United States, 1983 through 1987","volume":"87","author":"Read","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2013-202646","article-title":"Sex differences in neonatal mortality in Sarlahi, Nepal: the role of biology and environment","volume":"67","author":"Rosenstock","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-022-02114-8","article-title":"Late-onset neonatal sepsis: genetic differences by sex and involvement of the NOTCH pathway","volume":"93","author":"Ciesielski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.90","article-title":"Sex differences in immune responses","volume":"16","author":"Klein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.05.023","article-title":"The Alabama preterm birth study: intrauterine infection and placental histologic findings in preterm births of males and females less than 32 weeks","volume":"195","author":"Goldenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2394","article-title":"The X-files in immunity: sex-based differences predispose immune responses","volume":"8","author":"Fish","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/1758-2229.12168","article-title":"Sex-dependent competitive dominance of phylogenetic group B2 Escherichia coli strains within human hosts","volume":"6","author":"Blyton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol Rep"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1086\/427996","article-title":"Escherichia coli strains belonging to phylogenetic group B2 have superior capacity to persist in the intestinal microflora of infants","volume":"191","author":"Nowrouzian","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00949-08","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic distribution of the Escherichia coli pks genomic island","volume":"46","author":"Johnson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaar7785","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar7785","article-title":"The human gut bacterial genotoxin colibactin alkylates DNA","volume":"363","author":"Wilson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2012.05.011","article-title":"Escherichia coli strains with the capacity for long-term persistence in the bowel microbiota carry the potentially genotoxic pks island","volume":"53","author":"Nowrouzian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-021-02292-1","article-title":"Mother-to-infant transmission of the carinogenic colibactin-producing bacteria","volume":"21","author":"Tsunematsu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003437","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003437","article-title":"Interplay between siderophores and colibactin genotoxin biosynthetic pathways in Escherichia coli","volume":"9","author":"Martin","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2024111914462383500_jiae309-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msm172","article-title":"Extraintestinal virulence is a coincidental by-product of commensalism in B2 phylogenetic group Escherichia coli strains","volume":"24","author":"Le Gall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiae309\/58414957\/jiae309.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/230\/5\/e1136\/60749936\/jiae309.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/230\/5\/e1136\/60749936\/jiae309.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T09:46:49Z","timestamp":1732009609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/230\/5\/e1136\/7692849"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiae309","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]}}}