{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T14:32:39Z","timestamp":1780669959863,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006181","name":"FAPESB","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016549","name":"Universal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP0059\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP0059\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016549","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI088650"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI088650"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"(Merit Review","award":["I01 BX000536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01 BX000536"]}]},{"name":"(Merit Review","award":["I01 BX001983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01 BX001983"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mechanisms that mediate immune protection in individuals with subclinical (SC) or asymptomatic infection with Leishmania braziliensis are largely unknown. Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMNs]) have been implicated in progressive symptomatic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), but their potential participation in maintenance of subclinical infection is unexplored. The aim of this study was to compare the phenotypic and functional profiles of PMNs in individuals with SC infection versus patients with symptomatic CL due to L braziliensis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Subjects were recruited in the endemic region of Corte de Pedra, Bahia, Brazil. Surface markers to define activation status were characterized by flow cytometry. Functional responses of PMNs including phagocytic capacity, production of oxidative species, and oxidative killing of intracellular parasites were studied in vitro.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PMNs from individuals with SC infection displayed a more activated phenotype and greater ability to control the infection than PMNs from patients with CL. In contrast, PMNs from patients with CL exhibited higher expression of HLA-DR and higher production of oxidative species than PMNs from subjects with SC infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PMNs from individuals with SC infection can control the infection more efficiently than PMNs from patients with CL, despite the lower production of oxidants. Our observations suggest that L braziliensis may evade microbicidal mechanisms of PMNs from patients with CL, contributing to parasite dissemination and the establishment of disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T14:33:12Z","timestamp":1719239592000},"page":"e1385-e1393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Contrasting Phenotypes of Neutrophils During Asymptomatic Versus Symptomatic <i>Leishmania braziliensis<\/i> Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7014-2894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacilara A","family":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City"},{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Imunologia, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia , Salvador ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Medical Service, Veterans\u2019 Affairs Medical Center , Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro P","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Imunologia, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia , Salvador ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreza S","family":"D\u00f3rea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Imunologia, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia , Salvador ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walker N","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Imunologia, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia , Salvador ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline C","family":"Muniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Imunologia, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia , Salvador ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar M","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gon\u00e7alo Moniz, Fiocruz Bahia"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia de Doen\u00e7as Tropicais, The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development\/Ministry of Science and Technology , Salvador ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8680-7275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary E","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa 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