{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T05:31:04Z","timestamp":1792215064466,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007278","name":"USA National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/W002760\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/W002760\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007278","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["214317\/Z\/18\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214317\/Z\/18\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["211241\/Z\/18\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["211241\/Z\/18\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N006364\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N006364\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mucormycosis is an aggressive invasive fungal infection caused by molds in the order Mucorales. Early diagnosis is key to improving patient prognosis, yet it relies on insensitive culture or nonspecific histopathology. A pan-Mucorales\u2013specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), TG11, was recently developed. Here, we investigate the spatiotemporal localization of the antigen and specificity of the mAb for immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used immunofluorescence microscopy to assess antigen localization in 11 Mucorales species of clinical importance and live imaging of Rhizopus arrhizus germination. Immunogold transmission electron microscopy revealed the subcellular location of mAb TG11 binding. Finally, we performed immunohistochemistry of R arrhizus in an ex vivo murine lung infection model alongside lung infection by Aspergillus fumigatus.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immunofluorescence revealed TG11 antigen production at the emerging hyphal tip and along the length of growing hyphae in all Mucorales except Saksenaea. Time-lapse imaging revealed early antigen exposure during spore germination and along the growing hypha. Immunogold transmission electron microscopy confirmed mAb TG11 binding to the hyphal cell wall only. The TG11 mAb stained Mucorales but not Aspergillus hyphae in infected murine lung tissue.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TG11 detects early hyphal growth and has valuable potential for diagnosing mucormycosis by enhancing discriminatory detection of Mucorales in tissue.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T02:30:49Z","timestamp":1723170649000},"page":"e244-e253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characterization of the Spatiotemporal Localization of a Pan-Mucorales\u2013Specific Antigen During Germination and Immunohistochemistry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"231","author":[{"given":"Alyssa C","family":"Hudson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Royal Devon University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora E","family":"Corzo-L\u00e9on","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iana","family":"Kalinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duncan","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter"},{"name":"ISCA Diagnostics Ltd, Hatherly Laboratories , Exeter ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adilia","family":"Warris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8051-2302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth R","family":"Ballou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025020417112981600_jiae375-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myx017","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus as the major risk factor for mucormycosis in Mexico: epidemiology, diagnosis, and outcomes of reported 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