{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:51:27Z","timestamp":1792799487412,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is no licensed vaccine against gonorrhea, but Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B outer membrane vesicle\u2013based vaccines, such as MenB-4C, may offer cross-protection against gonorrhea. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized the published literature on MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a literature search of electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English from 1 January 2013 to 11 September 2024 that reported MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness estimates against gonorrhea and gonorrhea\/chlamydia coinfection and the duration of MenB-4C vaccine\u2013induced protection. We estimated pooled MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness (\u22651 dose) against gonorrhea using the DerSimonian-Laird random effects model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eight articles met our eligibility criteria. Receipt of \u22651 dose of MenB-4C vaccine was 23% to 47% effective against gonorrhea. Two doses of MenB-4C vaccine were 33% to 40% effective against gonorrhea, and 1 dose of MenB-4C vaccine was 26% effective. MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea\/chlamydia coinfection was mixed, with 2 studies reporting effectiveness estimates of 32% and 44% and 2 other studies showing no protective effect. MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea was comparable in people with HIV (44%) and people without HIV (23%\u201347%). Pooled MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness (\u22651 dose) against gonorrhea was 32.4%. One study concluded that MenB-4C vaccine effectiveness against gonorrhea may wane approximately 36 months postvaccination.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MenB-4C vaccine is moderately effective against gonorrhea in various populations. Prospective clinical trials that assess the efficacy of MenB-4C against gonorrhea, gonorrhea\/chlamydia coinfection, and duration of protection are warranted to strengthen this evidence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T02:04:02Z","timestamp":1722477842000},"page":"61-70","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Effectiveness of MenB-4C Vaccine Against Gonorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"231","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4679-0154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winston E","family":"Abara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D","family":"Kirkcaldy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Scientific Education and Leadership, US Centers for Disease 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