{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:13:01Z","timestamp":1791490381763,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOOD\/2016\/379-660"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOOD\/2016\/379-660"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003762","name":"Institut Pasteur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003762","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004794","name":"Centre national de la recherche scientifique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases","award":["ANR10-LBX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR10-LBX"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ebola (EBOV) and Sudan (SUDV) orthoebolaviruses are responsible for lethal hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in humans in Central and West Africa, and in apes that can be at the source of human outbreaks for EBOV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess the risk of exposure to orthoebolaviruses through contact with nonhuman primates (NHP), we tested the presence of antibodies against different viral proteins with a microsphere-based multiplex immunoassay in a case-control study on bites from NHPs in forest areas from Cameroon (n = 795) and in cross-sectional surveys from other rural populations (n = 622) of the same country.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Seroreactivities against at least 2 viral proteins were detected in 13% and 12% of the samples for EBOV and SUDV, respectively. Probability of seroreactivity was not associated with history of NHP bites, but was 3 times higher in Pygmies compared to Bantus. Although no neutralizing antibodies to EBOV and SUDV were detected in a selected series of highly reactive samples, avidity results indicate strong affinity to SUDV antigens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The detection of high level of seroreactivities against orthoebolaviruses in rural Cameroon, where no outbreaks have been reported, raises the possibilities of silent circulation of orthoebolaviruses, or of other not yet documented filoviruses, in these forested regions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Article's main point<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study found high seroreactivities to Ebola and Sudan orthoebolavirus antigens in rural Cameroonian populations, especially among Pygmies, despite no reported outbreaks. This suggests potential silent circulation of orthoebolaviruses or unknown filoviruses, highlighting the need for further surveillance and research.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T16:57:39Z","timestamp":1723222659000},"page":"e1067-e1076","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["High Seroreactivities to Orthoebolaviruses in Rural Cameroon: A Case-Control Study on Nonhuman Primate Bites and a Cross-sectional Survey in Rural Populations"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-2236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill-L\u00e9a","family":"Ramassamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncog\u00e8nes, Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 3569 , Paris"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 TransVIHMI, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5081-1632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahidjo","family":"Ayouba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 TransVIHMI, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Thaurignac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 TransVIHMI, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement , Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanceline","family":"Bilounga Ndongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction de la lutte contre les Maladies, les Epid\u00e9mies et les Pand\u00e9mies, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 Publique , Yaound\u00e9"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine et des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Universit\u00e9 de Douala , Douala"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Nnuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction de la lutte contre les Maladies, les Epid\u00e9mies et les Pand\u00e9mies, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 Publique , Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7134-4562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edouard","family":"Betsem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, 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