{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:04:19Z","timestamp":1781597059522,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swedish International Development Agency","award":["SIDA 2019\/37:9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIDA 2019\/37:9"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The causes of diarrhea after 10 years of rotavirus vaccination in Rwanda were investigated with real-time polymerase chain reaction in 496 children with diarrhea and 298 without. Rotavirus was detected in 11% of children with diarrhea (odds ratio, 2.48; P = .002). Comparison of population attributable fractions (PAFs) shows that Shigella (PAF, 11%) and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli producing labile toxin (PAF, 12%) have replaced rotavirus as the main causative agents. The PAF for rotavirus had declined from 41% prevaccination to 6.5% postvaccination, indicating that rotavirus has become one among several similarly important causes of childhood diarrhea in Rwanda. A rotavirus genotype shift to G3P[8] points at the importance of continued genotype surveillance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T12:10:54Z","timestamp":1725883854000},"page":"e1176-e1180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<i>Shigella<\/i> and Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> Have Replaced Rotavirus as Main Causes of Childhood Diarrhea in Rwanda After 10 Years of Rotavirus Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Jean Bosco","family":"Munyemana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Claude","family":"Kabayiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali ,","place":["Rwanda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Staffan","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria E","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg 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