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In this study, we identified a variation in a major viral antigen epitope, HTLV-1 Tax301\u2013309, in HLA-A24\u2013positive individuals. Mismatch in A24\/Tax301\u2013309 multimers impaired detection of anti-Tax cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Notably, more than half of the T-cell receptors (TCRs) of the anti-Tax CTLs did not recognize mismatched Tax301\u2013309 peptides. These findings highlighted the importance of matching the viral antigen epitope type in T-cell\u2013based immunotherapy against adult T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma by using viral antigen Tax.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T15:37:04Z","timestamp":1726846624000},"page":"816-821","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of Viral Antigen Mismatch on Antiviral T-Cell Response and Immunotherapeutic Efficacy Against Adult T-Cell Leukemia\/Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"231","author":[{"given":"Kenji","family":"Sugata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuyoshi","family":"Takatori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genomics 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